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臓がんのスクリーニング:米国予防サービスタスクフォース再確認勧告声明
, Douglas K Owens1,2, Karina W Davidson3
1Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.
JAMA
|August 7, 2019
まとめ
無症状の成人では,臓がんのスクリーニングは推奨されません. 死亡率や発病率の改善はなく 限られた利益よりも 潜在的な害が大きいという証拠があります
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 予防 医療
- 臨床ガイドライン
背景:
- 臓がんは 予後が悪いもので アメリカで がんによる死亡の主な原因です
- 発症率は増加しており 癌による死因の第2位です
研究 の 目的:
- 米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) の臓がんスクリーニングに関する勧告を更新する.
- 検査で検出された臓がんの検診と治療の利害を評価する.
主な方法:
- 臓がんのスクリーニングに関する証拠の体系的なレビュー
- スクリーニングテストの診断精度評価
- スクリーンで検出された癌の治療の評価された利益と害
主要な成果:
- 検診が疾患特異的または全原因の死亡率を改善する証拠は見つかりませんでした.
- 無症状の成人のスクリーニングの利点は小さい.
- スクリーニングと治療の害は少なくとも中等です.
結論:
- 検診の潜在的な利益は 潜在的な害を上回らない
- USPSTFは,無症状の成人の臓がんのスクリーニングを推奨しない.
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