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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

57.6K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

376
The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
376
Genetic Material01:20

Genetic Material

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Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
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Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
569
Bending of Material: Problem Solving01:09

Bending of Material: Problem Solving

496
In this lesson, determine the ratio of the maximum bending moments applied to two metal pipes, given that both pipes can withstand a maximum stress of 100 MPa. Both pipes have an outer radius of 1.8 cm. Pipe A has an inner radius of 1.5 cm, and Pipe B has an inner radius of 1 cm. The ratio of the maximum bending moment applied to two metallic pipes, each with a different inner and outer radius, is determined by considering their dimensions. The inner radius of the first pipe is 1.5 cm, and for...
496

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Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials
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Published on: March 9, 2017

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プログラム可能なCRISPR対応のスマート素材

Max A English1,2, Luis R Soenksen2,3,4, Raphael V Gayet1,2,5

  • 1Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 24, 2019
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者はCRISPR-Cas12a技術を使って生物学的信号に反応するDNAベースの新型ヒドロゲルを開発しました. これらのスマート素材は化合物を放出したり 劣化させたり バイオテクノロジーのアプリケーションの 電気フィュージとして機能します

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Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials
10:28

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Published on: March 9, 2017

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科学分野:

  • バイオマテリアル科学
  • 合成生物学
  • バイオテクノロジー

背景:

  • 刺激に反応する材料は 先進的なバイオテクノロジーにとって不可欠です
  • CRISPRに関連したヌクレアスは 物質の動作をプログラムできます

研究 の 目的:

  • CRISPR-Cas12aを使って 生物学的信号で活性化される DNAベースの水素ゲルを設計する
  • これらのプログラム可能な生体材料を活用した様々な in vitro アプリケーションを実証する.

主な方法:

  • CRISPR-Cas12aヌクレアスを利用して DNAをヒドロゲル構造で割ります
  • 構造要素としてDNAを組み込むか,ヒドロゲルにペンダントグループを固定する.
  • 枝分かれしたポリエチレングリコール,ポリアクリルアミド-DNA,炭素黒-DNAのヒドロゲルを開発する.

主要な成果:

  • 4つの異なるアプリケーションを実証しました. 薬物放出,ナノ粒子/細胞封じ込め,分解可能な電気フィューズ,流体バルブ.
  • 生物学的情報を 測定可能な物質特性に 変換した.
  • ガイドRNAで定義されたインプットによる水素ゲルのプログラム性を示した.

結論:

  • CRISPR-Cas12aで動作するDNAベースのヒドロゲルは バイオテクノロジーの汎用性のあるプラットフォームです
  • これらの材料は,組織工学,バイオエレクトロニクス,診断における新しい in vitro アプリケーションを可能にします.
  • 生物学的シグナルに対する物質の反応を正確に制御できる.