細胞死経路における動物および植物TIRドメインによるNAD+分裂活動
Shane Horsefield1, Hayden Burdett1, Xiaoxiao Zhang2,3
1School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
まとめ
ステリルアルファおよびTIRモチーフ含有1 (SARM1) および植物免疫受容体は,細胞死信号にToll/インタールイキン-1受容体 (TIR) ドメインを使用する. これらのTIRドメインはニコチナミドアデニン・ディヌクレオチド (NAD+) を分裂させ,動物と植物の保存メカニズムである.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 細胞生物学
- 神経科学
背景:
- 1 (SARM1) を含んだ無菌アルファとTIRモチーフは,ニコチナミドアデニン・ディヌクレオチド (NAD+) を枯渇させることで,ワレリアン変異を媒介する.
- 植物核酸結合レシピ (NLR) の免疫受容体は,Toll/インタールイキン-1受容体 (TIR) ドメインを利用して病原体に対する細胞死を誘発する.
研究 の 目的:
- TIRドメイン媒介の細胞死信号の酵素活性と構造的基礎を調査する.
- 動物および植物細胞死経路におけるNAD+分裂の保存メカニズムを決定する.
主な方法:
- NAD+の分裂活動を評価する生化学的測定法.
- タンパク質-リガンド複合体を決定するためのX線結晶学を含む構造生物学技術.
- タンパク質の自己結合を特徴付ける生体物理的方法
主要な成果:
- SARM1と植物 NLR TIRドメインは,自己結合に依存したNAD+分裂活性を示す.
- SARM1の無菌アルファモチーフ (SAM) ドメインは,軸索変性およびTIRドメイン活性に不可欠なオクターマーを形成する.
- 結晶構造は,SARM1と植物 NLR RUN1 TIR ドメインにおける NAD+ の保存された基板結合部位を明らかにする.
結論:
- TIRドメインによるNAD+分裂は,動物と植物の両方の細胞死シグナルに不可欠な保存された酵素活性である.
- TIRドメインの構造的および機能的保存は,王国全体に共通する分子機構を強調しています.
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