断食と再給餌は免疫細胞の動態と粘膜の免疫反応に影響する
Motoyoshi Nagai1, Ryotaro Noguchi1, Daisuke Takahashi2
1Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba 272-8516, Japan.
Cell
|August 24, 2019
まとめ
一時的な断食は 腸内免疫細胞を大幅に減らし 再栄養時にその組成を変えます これは免疫反応と腸内ホメオスタシスに影響し,栄養を強調します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 栄養学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 栄養状態は免疫反応に影響しますが 背後にあるメカニズムは不明です
- ペイヤー・パッチ (PPs) は腸内免疫の重要な誘導部位である.
研究 の 目的:
- 免疫細胞のダイナミクスと機能を栄養信号がどのように調節するかを調査する.
- 腸内免疫ホメオスタシスの影響を理解するために
主な方法:
- 仮断食と再給食プロトコルのモデルシステム
- リンパ球集団とPPの細胞組成の分析
- B細胞の移動パターンとケモカイン発現の調査 (CXCL13)
- 経口免疫,抗原特異IgA誘導,経口耐性の評価
主要な成果:
- 断食はPPでリンパ球数を約50%減少させ,生殖中心とIgA+B細胞の重要なアポトーシスを引き起こした.
- 素直なB細胞は,断食中にPPから骨髄に移動し,再給餌時に戻った.
- ストロマル細胞は再給餌中にCXCL13の発現を上昇させ,ナイブB細胞をPPに戻した.
- 口服予防接種前の断食は,IgA誘導,口服耐性を低下させ,食物抗原誘発性下痢を悪化させた.
結論:
- 栄養信号は腸内免疫細胞の動態と機能を 決定的に制御します
- 断食はリンパ球の組成と機能を変化させることで 腸内免疫ホメオスタシスを破壊します
- リフィーディングはリンパ球の数を回復しますが,元の組成は回復せず,適応免疫に影響します.
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