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関連する概念動画

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Regulation of Water Intake01:25

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Osmolality refers to the number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent in a solution. Plasma osmolality specifically indicates the total number of solute particles per kilogram of water in blood plasma. This value reflects the body's hydration status and is tightly regulated through mechanisms controlling water intake and output. While water consumption is a conscious decision, the body has intrinsic regulatory systems to maintain fluid balance. Dehydration, a state of water deficit...
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Dietary Connections01:23

Dietary Connections

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In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

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Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
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'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake
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食物摂取は循環する炎症性単細胞群を調節する

Stefan Jordan1, Navpreet Tung1, Maria Casanova-Acebes1

  • 1Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Cell
|August 24, 2019
PubMed
まとめ

短期間の断食は単細胞の活動と数を減らし 炎症性疾患を改善します この効果は肝臓のエネルギーセンサーによって媒介され,緊急応答を妨げることなく免疫トーンに影響を与えます.

キーワード:
AMPK についてCCL2 についてカロリー制限PPARα断食する炎症炎症性疾患肝臓メタボリズムモノサイト

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科学分野:

  • 免疫学
  • メタボリズム
  • 栄養学

背景:

  • カロリー制限は 炎症性や自己免疫性疾患の管理に 有用と認められています
  • 低カロリー摂取と炎症調節の正確なメカニズムは不明である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 短期間の断食が単細胞の活動と数にどのように影響するか解明する.
  • これらの変化を制御する分子経路と食事要因を特定する.
  • 慢性炎症疾患と免疫反応への影響を評価する.

主な方法:

  • 短期間の断食が単細胞の代謝および炎症活動に及ぼす影響を臨床前モデルで調査した.
  • 外周単細胞数を調節する食事中のグルコースとタンパク質の役割を分析した.
  • 肝細胞における5'- AMP活性化タンパク質キナーゼ (AMPK) と単細胞動員におけるペロキソーム増殖活性化受容体アルファ (PPARα) の関与を調べた.

主要な成果:

  • 短期間の断食は 循環中の単細胞の数と炎症的活動を大幅に減少させました
  • 単細胞の調節は食中のグルコースとタンパク質に依存していた.
  • 肝細胞におけるAMPK活性化とPPARα媒介によるCCL2抑制により,骨髄からの単細胞動員が減少した.

結論:

  • カロリー摂取と肝臓のエネルギーセンサーが 免疫トーンに影響します
  • 断食は単細胞の活動と数を調節することで 慢性炎症疾患を改善します
  • この調節は,急性感染症や組織修復の際に不可欠な単細胞機能を損なわない.