アメリカの白人と黒人の死亡原因と教育水準の関連 (2010年−2017年)
Isaac Sasson1, Mark D Hayward2
1Department of Sociology and Anthropology and the Herczeg Institute on Aging, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
JAMA
|August 28, 2019
まとめ
教育レベルは アメリカ人の平均寿命に大きな影響を与えます 2010年から2017年にかけて 平均余命は 大学の学位を持たない人の間で減少しました 大抵は薬物使用による死亡が原因で 高校を卒業した人の寿命は増加しました
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学について
- 社会学
背景:
- アメリカの成人の平均余命の教育格差は 大きく増大しています
- 特定の死因がこれらの格差に与える影響を理解することは,死亡率における社会的不平等を減らすために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 2010年から2017年までの米国の成人の平均寿命における特定の死因と教育の違いの関係を推定する.
主な方法:
- 連続的な横断的な研究では,2010年と2017年に米国国立生命統計システムから発生した4,690,729件の死亡を分析した.
- 25歳までの平均寿命と25歳から84歳までの平均寿命は,死因,性別,人種/民族,教育水準によって分けて計算された.
主要な成果:
- 25歳の平均寿命は 2010年から2017年までわずかに減少した.
- 高校卒業以下の人と,大学を卒業したが4年制の学位を持たない人の平均寿命は著しく減少した.
- 逆に 高等教育を受けた人の平均寿命は 増加し 教育水準のギャップが広がりました
- 薬物使用によるYLLの増加は,教育レベルが低い人に不釣り合いに影響しました.
結論:
- 25歳の平均寿命は 2010年から2017年の間に全体的に減少しましたが 4年制の大学教育を受けていない人の方が 減少しています
- 平均寿命における教育格差の拡大は,薬物使用による死亡と大きく関連しています.
- 薬物使用への対処は,教育による死亡率の格差を軽減するために不可欠です.
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