エチオピア・ウォランソ・ミールで発見されたプレオセーン中期のヒト頭蓋骨の年代と背景
Beverly Z Saylor1, Luis Gibert2, Alan Deino3
1Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Nature
|August 30, 2019
まとめ
エチオピア で 発見 さ れ た 3,800万 年 前の ホミニン の 頭蓋骨
科学分野:
- 古人類学
- 地質年代学
- 古代生態学
背景:
- ヒトの化石の発見は 人類の進化について 重要な洞察を与えてくれます
- 初期のヒト類の発見の年代は 進化の時間軸を定めるのに不可欠です
- 古代環境を理解することで ホミニンの行動と適応を 再構築できます
研究 の 目的:
- 新しく発見されたホミニン頭蓋骨の 古生物学的な環境を 年代測定し特徴づけること
- エチオピアにおけるプレオセンの中期のホミニンを持つ層の地質学的文脈と年齢を調査する.
主な方法:
- 化学的相関と古磁気層学を用いた火山タフの放射線年代測定.
- 化石堆積物の正確な年齢範囲を確立するためにベイジアンモデル化.
- 関連哺乳類の化石と植物学的遺跡の分析
主要な成果:
- ホミニンの化石の頭蓋骨は3804 ± 0.013から3.777 ± 0.014百万年前と年代付けされた.
- 化石は多年生湖の堆積物の上に横たわるデルタ層で見つかりました
- 古代環境のデータは,草原,湿地,沿岸の森林の構成要素を持つ乾燥した灌木地帯の景色を示しています.
- 古代の風景に 活発な裂け目プロセスが 影響を与えたという証拠があります
結論:
- この発見は,プレオセンの中期に遡る 重要な新型ヒト類の化石を 提供しています
- 古代環境の再構築は ダイナミックな溝の環境における 初期のヒトの適応を背景にしています
- この発見は,プレオセンの東アフリカにおけるヒトの進化と景観の動態を理解するのに寄与しています.
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