水のネットワークは,タンパク質へのリガンド結合の親和性を決定することができる
John F Darby, Adam P Hopkins1, Seishi Shimizu
1Demuris Ltd., The Biosphere , Draymans Way, Newcastle Helix , Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5BX , United Kingdom.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 14, 2019
まとめ
タンパク質の近くの水分子のネットワークを変化させると タンパク質の結合強度が劇的に変化します この発見は,タンパク質-リガンドの相互作用における溶媒組織の重要な役割を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 構造生物学
- 分子生物物理学
背景:
- 溶媒の組織は,タンパク質-リガンド認識熱力学に大きな影響を与える.
- これらの溶媒効果を理解することは 薬剤発見とタンパク質工学にとって 極めて重要です
- 結合親和性における溶媒の役割は,研究においてしばしば過小評価されている.
研究 の 目的:
- * Haemophilus influenzae* のウイルス性タンパク質 SiaP のリガンド結合に対する溶媒組織の寄与を調査する.
- 溶媒ネットワークの乱れがシアリック酸の結合親和性にどのように影響するか解明する.
主な方法:
- サイト誘導型変異はSiaPタンパク質の変異に使用された.
- X線結晶法とイソテルミック・タイトレーション・カロメトリー (ITC) を用いた.
- 水分子ダイナミクスの結晶学的な分析 (標準化された原子移動パラメータ) が実施された.
主要な成果:
- リガンド結合部位から離れた単一の変異は,シアル酸結合親和性を1000倍以上変化させた.
- この親和の変化は,溶媒ネットワークのエンタルピー的に不利な障害に起因する.
- 水道ネットワークの動態の変化は,結合の自由エネルギーの変化と相関する.
結論:
- 溶媒の構造は,タンパク質-リガンド結合親和性と選択性の決定的な決定因子である.
- タンパク質の穴内の水のネットワークのダイナミクスは,自由エネルギー結合の変化を予測することができます.
- 溶媒構造は タンパク質の配列と機能に影響を与える 進化的制約として作用する.
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