抗生物質またはシルバー 対 標準的腹腔ペリトニアルシャント (BASICS): 多中心,単盲,ランダム化試験と経済評価
Conor L Mallucci1, Michael D Jenkinson2, Elizabeth J Conroy3
1Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 17, 2019
まとめ
抗生物質に浸透したシャントは,水頭症のために心房皮質シャントを挿入した患者の感染率を著しく低下させる. この神経外科的介入は,シャントの故障やその後の合併症のリスクを低減することによって,結果を改善します.
科学分野:
- 神経外科
- 感染症
- 医療機器技術
背景:
- 水頭症のシャント挿入は 常見の神経外科手術です
- シャント感染は最大15%の患者で発生し,長期の治療,複数の手術,生活の質の低下を含む重大な罹患率をもたらします.
研究 の 目的:
- 標準的なシャントと比較して,抗生物質に浸透したシャントの臨床効果と費用対効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- 21の英国とアイルランドの神経外科センターで,初めて心房内シャントを挿入した1,605人の患者を対象に,並行して実施された多センター,単盲,ランダム化制御試験 (BASICS試験) です.
- 患者がランダムに割り当てられ,標準的な抗生物質 (リファンピシンとクリンダミシン) 浸透されたシャントまたはシルバー浸透されたシャントを受けた.
- 感染によるシャント障害までの時間であり,ファインとグレイの生存回帰モデルを用いて分析された.
主要な成果:
- 標準シャント群 (6%) と比較して,シャントによる感染検査を受けた患者は少なかった (2%) (csHR 0. 38, p=0. 0038).
- シルバーシャントは,標準シャントと比較して感染率の有意な差異を示さなかった (6%対6%,p=0. 96).
- 副作用はグループごとに比較可能で,一般的に生命を脅かすものではありません.
結論:
- BASICS試験は,英国で初めての中腔ペリトニアルシャントを導入する際の抗生物質浸透シャントの採用を支持する強力な証拠を提供します.
- この介入は,シャント感染の発生率と影響を減らすために,あらゆる年齢の患者に対して推奨されます.
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