腸の滑らかな筋肉の遺伝的および機械的調節
Tyler R Huycke1, Bess M Miller2, Hasreet K Gill1
1Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|September 21, 2019
まとめ
胚の滑らかな筋肉層は 信号伝達経路と 機械的な力の組み合わせによって形成されます ヘッジホッグと骨型遺伝タンパク質 (BMP) のシグナリングは初期パターンを誘導し,分化成長と筋肉収縮による機械的刺激は細胞の並び方を誘導する.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学
- 胃腸の生理学
- 組織工学
背景:
- 胃腸には 機能に欠かせない 複雑な層状の滑らかな筋肉構造があります
- 胚の滑らかな筋肉の層の正確なパターンと整合の背後にあるメカニズムは まだ十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 発達中の胃腸内部の滑らかな筋肉層の形成と整合を制御する分子および機械的メカニズムを解明する.
- モルフォゲンの信号伝達経路と 滑らかな筋肉細胞の組織を 制御するメカニカルシグナルを リンクする
主な方法:
- 滑らかな筋肉層の発達におけるヘッジホッグと骨形態遺伝タンパク質 (BMP) のシグナル伝達経路の役割を調査した.
- 滑らかな筋肉の細胞の並び方に 微分成長と自発的な筋肉の収縮の影響を分析した.
- 筋肉層の形成と方向性を観察し,定量化するために胚モデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- BMPによって媒介されるヘッジホッグシグナリングは,内側の周囲の滑らかな筋肉層の位置を定義します.
- 局所的なBMP阻害は,外側の縦横の滑らかな筋肉層の形成に不可欠です.
- 微分管の成長による残留菌株は内層を方向化し,その収縮は外層を整列する.
結論:
- 腸内の滑らかな筋肉層の組織は,統合された形態素駆動型と機械的に制御された細胞の並べ替えの結果です.
- この研究は,様々な管状臓器における滑らかな筋肉の組織を理解するためのメカニズム的枠組みを提供します.
- 発見は,潜在的発達障害と胃腸運動障害の治療戦略の洞察を提供します.
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