癌治療における先天的免疫の活用

Olivier Demaria¹, Stéphanie Cornen¹, Marc Daëron^2,3

¹Innate Pharma, Marseille, France.

Nature

|October 4, 2019

まとめ

新しい免疫療法は抗腫瘍免疫力を高めますがその恩恵を受けるのはごく少数です生まれつきの免疫反応を活用することで次世代のがん治療法と長期的な腫瘍制御の戦略が実現できます

科学分野:

腫瘍学
免疫学
癌研究

背景:

最近のがん免疫療法の進歩は T細胞の反応に焦点を当てています
現在の治療には,免疫チェックポイント阻害剤,キメリック抗原受容体T細胞,および双特定抗体が含まれています.
成功しているにもかかわらず T細胞を中心としたアプローチは癌患者の有意な部分には効果がありません

研究の目的:

次世代のがん免疫療法のための新しい細胞標的と分子メカニズムを探求する
現在の免疫療法の限界を克服する先天的な免疫反応の可能性を調査する.
持続的で包括的な腫瘍制御を達成するための新しい戦略を特定する.

主な方法:

T細胞経路を標的とした現在の免疫調節療法に関するレビュー.
抗腫瘍反応における先天的免疫の役割の分析
生まれつきの免疫系内の新しい治療目標の探索

主要な成果:

現在の免疫療法は主にT細胞媒介免疫を強化します.
T細胞ベースの治療に有効なのがん患者のサブセットのみです.
生まれつきの免疫反応は癌の免疫療法ではほとんど利用されていない資源です

結論:

T細胞の調節を超えた新しい免疫療法戦略が不可欠です.
生まれながらの免疫力を活用することで次世代のがん治療法の開発に期待が持たれます
生まれつきの免疫反応はより効果的で広く適用可能ながん治療の基盤となり, 持続的な腫瘍制御につながります.

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