哺乳類の機械電気伝導:力ゲートイオンチャネルの構造と機能
Dominique Douguet1, Eric Honoré1
1Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Labex ICST, Valbonne, France.
Cell
|October 5, 2019
まとめ
機械感受性イオンチャネル (MSC) は,感覚と身体機能に不可欠な電気信号に力を変換します. 最近の研究で 構造とゲートメカニズムが 単純に膜の緊張を超えて 明らかになりました
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- バイオ物理学
- 神経科学
背景:
- 機械感受性イオンチャネル (MSC) は,機械的刺激を細胞の電気信号に変換するのに不可欠です.
- これらの経路は 聴覚,バランス,触覚,自己感受,自律的調節などの 重要な生理学的プロセスを媒介します
- MSCの機能障害は,様々な遺伝的および得られた疾患に関連しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 機械感受性イオンチャネルの理解における最近の進歩をレビューする.
- 異なるMSCの構造的基盤とゲーティングメカニズムの調査
- MSCの生理学的および病理学的関連性を強調する.
主な方法:
- MSCに関する最近の研究の文献レビュー
- 重要なMSCファミリー (TREK/TRAAK,Piezo,TMEM63/OSCA,TMC) の構造データ分析
- 膜の張力,曲線,結合された要素を含むMSCゲートメカニズムに関する研究の検討.
主要な成果:
- 複数のMSCファミリーの識別と構造の解明
- 膜の張力による活性化,曲線,結合された部品を含む様々なゲートメカニズムを理解する.
- MSCの広範な生理学的役割と疾患関連性を認識する.
結論:
- MSCのゲーティングを特定し,構造化し,理解する上で大きな進展がありました.
- MSCは,単純な膜の伸縮を超えて,活性化のための複数のメカニズムを使用します.
- MSCに関するさらなる研究は 感覚知覚の理解と関連疾患の治療に 期待を寄せている.
関連する概念動画
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels
7.5K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
7.5K
Voltage-gated Ion Channels
10.2K
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several...
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several...
10.2K
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels
5.5K
GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision. The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
Sensory...
5.5K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
3.4K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
3.4K
Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview
4.2K
An electrochemical gradient is a fundamental concept in biology and chemistry. It regulates the movement of ions across cell membranes. This movement is influenced by two factors:
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to...
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to...
4.2K
Ion Channels
91.0K
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
91.0K


