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菌糸体の宿主範囲を設計し,菌糸体尾繊維変異によって細菌抵抗を抑制する
Kevin Yehl1, Sébastien Lemire1, Andrew C Yang2
1Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Cell
|October 5, 2019
まとめ
バクテリオファージ治療は 抗生物質耐性に対する有望な効果を示しています 細菌の耐性を防止し,体内および体内での成長を抑制する"ファージ尾繊維"を設計した.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 分子生物学
- バイオテクノロジー
背景:
- 抗生物質耐性は 世界的な健康上の脅威となり 新たな治療戦略が必要になっています
- バクテリオファージ (ファージ) 治療は有望な代替手段ですが,ファージに対するバクテリアの抵抗性は依然として課題です.
- 遺伝子組み換えファグは 細菌の耐性開発を克服したり遅らせたりする可能性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 細菌菌の尾の繊維を設計して 宿主の範囲を変化させ 細菌の抵抗を克服する
- 多様で機能的なファグの変種を生成するための高通量メソッドを開発する.
- エンジニアリングされたファグの有効性を in vitro と in vivo で評価する.
主な方法:
- 自然進化と構造モデリングを通じて,T3ファグの尾繊維タンパク質の宿主範囲決定領域 (HRDR) を特定した.
- HRDRを遺伝子工学的に設計し,合成"菌根体"を作り出すために,サイト指向型変異を生成した.
- 菌根体宿主範囲,細菌の増殖抑制,耐性予防をマウスモデルで in vitro,in vivoで評価した.
主要な成果:
- HRDRの変異は,ファグの宿主範囲を成功裏に変えた.
- エンジニアリングされたファゴボディは,耐性を防ぐことによって,細菌の成長を長期的に抑制することを実証しました.
- 菌根体は in vivoで機能し,ネズミの感染モデルで有効性を示した.
結論:
- フェーグ・テール・ファイバー (HRDR) の遺伝子工学は 強力な抗菌剤を作るのに有効な戦略です
- このアプローチは,細菌の耐性開発を遅らせたり,防ぐことができる"菌体"を生成します.
- この方法論は次世代の抗生物質やその他のウイルス基幹の応用を開発する可能性を秘めています
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