神経刺激とRESTによる寿命の調節
Joseph M Zullo1, Derek Drake1, Liviu Aron1
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|October 18, 2019
まとめ
科学者たちは 神経刺激の減少と REST遺伝子が 寿命の延長に 鍵を握っていることを発見しました この保存されたメカニズムは 種間の長寿を促進するために 脳の活動を調節します
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 遺伝学
- 老化に関する研究
背景:
- 人間の寿命を延ばすメカニズムは ほとんど不明です
- 神経活動とその調節は 老化プロセスに絡み合っています
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の長寿を支える 分子や神経のメカニズムを 研究する
- 神経回路の活動を通して寿命を調節する 保存された経路を特定する
主な方法:
- 人間の脳皮質のトランスクリプトーム解析
- Caenorhabditis elegansとマウスの寿命に関する研究
- RESTの遺伝子発現分析とそのオーソローグ
- 老化モデルにおける神経刺激と抑制の調査.
主要な成果:
- 神経刺激とシナプス機能の ダウンレギュレーションと相関しています
- 神経刺激の抑制はC. elegansの寿命を延長する.
- 転写因子RESTは長生きしたヒトで上位に調節され,興奮に関連する遺伝子を抑制する.
- REST欠乏症はニューロンの興奮性を高め,マウスの老化を加速する.
- RESTのオートログ (SPR-3,SPR-4) は,C.elegansの興奮と寿命を調節する.
- FOXO1/DAF-16の刺激低下とRESTの活性化が保存された長寿経路である.
結論:
- 神経回路の活動,特に興奮の減少は,寿命の延長のための保存メカニズムです.
- 転写因子RESTは,この保存された老化経路を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 神経刺激をターゲットにすることで 長寿を促進する 戦略が生まれます
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