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関連する概念動画

Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

16.9K
When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
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Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
1.3K
Charging Conductors By Induction01:15

Charging Conductors By Induction

8.9K
The Earth is a good conductor of electricity, and it is so big that it can be considered an infinite source or sink of charges. It can easily exchange charges with any matter.
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
However, conductors can be charged by a process called induction. For example, consider charging a...
8.9K
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

1.7K
The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
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Electric Field Inside a Conductor01:20

Electric Field Inside a Conductor

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When a conductor is placed in an external electric field, the free charges in the conductor redistribute and very quickly reach electrostatic equilibrium. The resulting charge distribution and its electric field have many interesting properties, which can be investigated with the help of Gauss's law.
Suppose a piece of metal is placed near a positive charge. The free electrons in the metal are attracted to the external positive charge and migrate freely toward that region. This region then...
7.1K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

48.4K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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低次元ハイブリッド導体におけるイオンと電子経路の分離

Yubing Zhou1, Chaoji Chen1, Xin Zhang1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 25, 2019
PubMed
まとめ

セルロース繊維を用いた ナノ流体材料を開発しました この構造は,新しいナノ流体装置に理想的な超低電気伝導性を維持しながら,高いイオン伝導性を達成します.

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Fabrication of Spatially Confined Complex Oxides
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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

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関連する実験動画

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • ナノテクノロジー
  • 電気化学

背景:

  • 二次元 (2D) 層の化合物は,製造の容易さと調節性特性により,ナノ流体イオン輸送にますます使用されています.
  • 先進的なナノ流体装置には,高いイオン流量と選択性を有する材料の開発が不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 効率的なイオン輸送のためのナノ流体構造を設計し製造する.
  • 2D層の材料システムにおけるイオン伝導性と電気伝導性の分離を調査する.
  • 新しいナノ流体装置の応用におけるこのハイブリッド材料の可能性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • ナノフィブリル化セルロース (NFC) で包んだグラファイト・フレイクを用いた2Dナノ流体構造の製造.
  • グラファイト-NFC複合物の水分度調整によってイオンと電気伝導性の特徴づけ.
  • 酸性および塩基性環境における材料の安定性の評価

主要な成果:

  • グラファイト-NFC構造は,閉じ込められたナノチャネル (∼1 nm) 内の急速なカチオン輸送を実証した.
  • 1 × 10−3 S/cmのチューニング水分によるイオン伝導性の有意な増強 (約12倍) を達成した.
  • 高濃度 (重量50%まで) でさえも,超低導電性 (≤ 10−9 S/cm) を示す.
  • この材料は,酸性条件と塩基条件の両方で優れた安定性を示しました.

結論:

  • ナノ流体イオン輸送を研究するための有望なプラットフォームをNACRE-MIMETIC-GRAPHITE-NFCハイブリッドシステムが提供しています.
  • この戦略は,イオンと電子の経路を効果的に分離し,デバイスのアプリケーションにユニークな特性を提供します.
  • 開発された材料は,高度なナノ流体装置に適した高イオン伝導性と低電気伝導性を示しています.