草原と森林における節足類の減少は,景観レベルの要因と関連している
Sebastian Seibold1,2, Martin M Gossner3, Nadja K Simons4,5
1Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany. sebastian.seibold@tum.de.
Nature
|November 1, 2019
まとめ
草原と森林の両方において 節足の個体数は著しく減少しており 生物量と種は大きく減少しています これらの減少は景観レベルでの農業慣行に関連しており,より広範な保全戦略の必要性を示しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 生物多様性科学
- 保護生物学
背景:
- 最近の報告では 重要な節足類の減少と 局所的な絶滅が示されています
- 土地利用の強化は生物多様性の減少の主な要因であると考えられています
- 土地利用のグラデーションにおける 多部位関節足の集団動態の理解にはギャップがある.
研究 の 目的:
- 節足類の発生とバイオマスのマルチサイトタイムシリーズデータを分析する.
- 土地利用の強度と種類が関節類の多様性や数量に与える影響を調査する.
- 節足類の生物量と多様性の減少が相互に関連しているかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ドイツの150の草原と140の森林で2008年から2017年にかけての節足類の標準化インベントリ.
- 100万頭以上の関節足 (約. 2,700 種の動物がいます)
- 異なる生息地とトロフィックレベルの生物量,豊富さ,および種の数の時間的な傾向の統計分析.
主要な成果:
- 草原と森林の両方でガマ多様性が減少した.
- 草原は67%のバイオマス,78%の豊富さ,34%の種の減少を示した.
- 森林は41%の生物量と36%の種減少を示し,減少は希少で豊富な種に影響を与え,トロフィーレベルによって変化しました.
結論:
- 草原と森林の両方でトロフィックレベルを超えて,節足類のバイオマス,豊富さ,および種の豊かさの広範な減少が明らかです.
- 森林の減少が示すように 節足類の減少は 露天生息地に限ったものではありません
- 節足類の減少の原動力はより大きな空間規模で作用し,特に草原では景観レベルの農業が重要な要因である.
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