狭い交差点のメカノセンセーションは,ZO-1フェーズ分離とフローに依存する
Cornelia Schwayer1, Shayan Shamipour1, Kornelija Pranjic-Ferscha1
1Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
Cell
|November 2, 2019
まとめ
細胞同士の結合は,Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) のクラスター形成と流れによって機械的感受性を獲得する. アクトミオシンによるこのプロセスは 適切な組織発育と細胞層の移動に不可欠です
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- バイオ物理学
- 発達生物学
背景:
- 細胞と細胞の結合,特に緊密な結合 (TJ) は,力学的な力に動的に反応する.
- 交差点の機械感受性のメカノ化学的基礎を理解することは,組織形態変異を理解するために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 緊密な交差点 (TJ) のメカノセンシビリティの基礎となるメカノ化学的メカニズムを調査する.
- ゾヌラ・オクラデンス-1 (ZO-1) がゼブラフィッシュのガストルレーション中の機械的力に対するTJ反応における役割を分析する.
主な方法:
- 斑馬魚の胚の内膜細胞層 (EVL) と卵黄のシンチチアル層 (YSL) の間のTJ形成の分析
- TJsでのZO-1蓄積の定量化とアクトミオシンネットワークの緊張との相関.
- 段階分離によるZO-1クラスター形成の調査とTJへの組み込み
主要な成果:
- アクトミオシン張りのTJスケールでのZO-1蓄積は,TJメカニカル感受性を示す.
- アクトミオシン・テンションは,相分離したZO-1クラスタの逆流をTJに向かって駆動する.
- 障害のあるZO-1クラスター形成または組み込みはTJの機械感受性をなくし,EVL-YSLの動きを遅らせます.
結論:
- 非交差点ZO-1の相分離と逆流はTJに対する機械感受性を与える.
- ZO-1のアクチン結合は,TJに安定的に組み込むために不可欠です.
- メカノセンシティブのTJは,胚の発達中の細胞層の協調的な動きに不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Tight Junctions
6.8K
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
6.8K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
3.4K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
3.4K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
3.4K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
3.4K
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels
7.5K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
7.5K
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions
8.7K
The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
8.7K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
3.5K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
3.5K


