アフリカ系の人々の間で,原発的開角緑内障と遺伝的変異の関連
, Michael A Hauser1,2,3,4, R Rand Allingham2,3,4
1Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
JAMA
|November 6, 2019
まとめ
この全ゲノム関連研究では,アフリカ系集団におけるプライマリー・オープン・アングル・グラウコマに関連した,新しい遺伝的リスク変異体 rs59892895*C がAPBB2ロカスで特定されました. この発見はリスク評価を改善し,この盲目症候群の治療戦略を参考にすることができます.
科学分野:
- 眼科について
- 遺伝学
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- プライマリー・オープン・アングル・グラウコマ (POAG) は,アフリカ系の人々に対して不均衡な影響を及ぼし,より高い罹患率と重症度を示します.
- アフリカの祖先集団におけるPOAGに関するゲノム研究は依然として限られており,病気のメカニズムと標的型介入の理解を妨げています.
研究 の 目的:
- アフリカの祖先集団における全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS) を実施し,POAGに関連する遺伝的位置を特定する.
- 特定されたPOAG関連ロシの潜在的な病原性メカニズムを調査する.
主な方法:
- 2段階のGWASが実施され,2320人のPOAG症例と221人の対照群を含む発見段階,続いて6937人のPOAG症例と14,917人の対照群による検証段階が実施された.
- 参加者は2003年から2018年の間に様々な国際地域 (アフリカ,ヨーロッパ,アメリカ) から募集されました.
- POAGの症例は,眼内圧を除いて,光眼神経症と視野の欠陥によって定義された.
主要な成果:
- GWASは,APBB2場所におけるrs59892895*C変異とPOAG (P=2×10−8) の間に有意な関連性を特定した.
- この関連は独立コホート (P< . 001) で成功裏に検証され,リスクアレルは累積効果を示した (OR,1. 19;P=4 × 10−13).
- rs59892895*Cアレルは主にアフリカ系集団で発見され,ヨーロッパ系またはアジア系個体では<0. 1%の頻度であった.
結論:
- APBB2の変種は,祖先の間でPOAGとの差異的関連を示しています.
- 特定されたリスクアレルrs59892895*Cは,アフリカの祖先に共通しており,これらの集団におけるPOAG負荷の高さに寄与する可能性があります.
- 追加の検証とメカニズム研究により,POAGのリスクの階層化と新たな治療目標が改善される可能性があります.
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