構造金属の持続可能性を改善するための戦略
Dierk Raabe1, C Cem Tasan2, Elsa A Olivetti3
1Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, Düsseldorf, Germany. d.raabe@mpie.de.
Nature
|November 8, 2019
まとめ
構造金属の生産は環境問題に直面しています. このレビューでは,低炭素生産,リサイクル,新しい合金設計などの持続可能な方法を検討し,影響を最小限に抑え,エネルギー効率を高めます.
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- 金属工学
- 持続可能な工学
背景:
- 金属材料は技術的進歩や エネルギー,建設,輸送などの産業部門に不可欠です.
- 構造性合金需要の予測された増加 (2050年までに200%まで) は,エネルギー密集した採掘と製造プロセスによる環境への懸念を悪化させ,温室効果ガス排出と汚染を大幅に引き起こす.
研究 の 目的:
- 構造金属の直接的な持続性を改善するための方法を検討し評価する.
- 様々な持続可能性対策の効果と技術的準備を評価する.
- 新しい構造材料がエネルギー効率を高める方法を探求する.
主な方法:
- 二酸化炭素排出量の削減に焦点を当てた,金属の持続可能な初次生産のための現在の技術と新興技術のレビュー.
- リサイクル戦略の分析とスクラップに適合する合金の開発
- 汚染物質耐性を向上させ,使用寿命 (長寿) を延長するための合金設計に関する調査.
- 新しい構造材料の質量減少,より高い熱安定性,優れた機械特性によるエネルギー効率の改善の可能性を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 金属の持続可能性を向上させるための重要な分野を特定しました. 初期生産,リサイクル,合金設計,長寿.
- 各持続可能性対策の技術的準備と効果を評価した.
- 構造物におけるエネルギー効率の向上における新しい材料の役割を強調した.
結論:
- 持続可能な生産,高度なリサイクル,革新的な合金設計の組み合わせを導入することは,構造金属の環境足跡を減らすために不可欠です.
- 新しい材料は,エネルギー効率と要求の高いアプリケーションの性能を向上させる大きな可能性を秘めています.
- 将来の産業需要に 責任をもって応えるためには 構造金属の持続可能性に取り組むことが不可欠です
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