CO2の利用と除去の技術的および経済的見通し
Cameron Hepburn1,2, Ella Adlen3, John Beddington1
1Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nature
|November 8, 2019
まとめ
捕獲された二酸化炭素 (CO2) を製品に利用することで,排出削減コストを削減できます. いくつかのCO2利用経路は排出量を削減しますが 建設材料や陸上での方法なども大気からCO2を取り除くことができます
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 化学工学
- 材料科学
背景:
- 二酸化炭素 (CO2) 排出は気候変動を誘発しています
- 大気中の二酸化炭素を削減することは 地球温暖化を緩和するために不可欠です
- 二酸化炭素の利用は 排出量削減と二酸化炭素除去に 経済的インセンティブを与える可能性があります
研究 の 目的:
- 二酸化炭素利用の10つの異なる経路をレビューし評価する.
- 各経路のCO2利用と大気排出の可能性を評価する.
- 二酸化炭素利用技術の大規模化に向けた障壁と制約を特定する.
主な方法:
- 10つのCO2利用経路の文献レビューと評価
- 各経路におけるCO2排出量削減と除去の可能性の分析
- 広範な展開のためのスケーラビリティとリソースの必要性の評価
主要な成果:
- 化学品や燃料や微藻を活用した経路は主にCO2の排出量を削減します
- 建設材料と陸上の方法を用いた経路は,大気中のCO2を活用し,除去することができます.
- 各経路は年間0.5ギガトン以上のCO2利用に拡大する可能性を 示しています
結論:
- 二酸化炭素の利用は 気候変動を緩和するための様々な戦略を提示しています
- 建設材料と土地ベースのアプローチは 炭素除去の大きな利点をもたらします
- 大規模な実施の障壁と資源の制限により,戦略的展開計画が必要になります.
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