エナメル・プロテオームは,ギガントピテカスが初期の異なったポンギンであったことを示している
Frido Welker1, Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal2, Martin Kuhlwilm3
1Evolutionary Genomics Section, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. frido.welker@bio.ku.dk.
Nature
|November 15, 2019
まとめ
進化的にオランウータンと繋がっていて およそ1200万~1000万年前に分断されました この発見は190万年前の 歯から採取した 古代のタンパク質を用いて 類人猿の進化を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- パレオプロテオミクス
- 霊長類の進化
- 分子人類学
背景:
- 東南アジアの巨大なプレイストセンのホミニドであるギガントピテコス・ブラッキは,化石の証拠が限られているため,進化の関係が不明である.
- 以前の仮説は 形質学と欠落した残骸のために 分子検証が欠けていました
研究 の 目的:
- 他の類人猿との進化関係を 調べるためだ
- ミオセンの時代における 類人猿の分岐期を調査する
主な方法:
- 古代の歯のエナメルの タンパク質の配列を回収しました 千9万年前のギガントピテクス・ブラックキーの 歯茎から
- タンパク質の配列を分析して 系統遺伝的関係と分岐期を確立した.
主要な成果:
- ギガントピテカスは,オランウータンの姉妹群 (Pongo) として識別され,およそ1200万年前から共通の祖先を持つ.
- この研究は,最も古い哺乳類のプロテオームデータを提供し,古プロテオーム解析を新しい地理的および時間的領域に拡張しています.
- Gigantopithecusの厚いエナメル冠の生物鉱物化におけるアルファ-2-HS-グリコタンパク質の役割を仮説化した.
結論:
- オランウータンとギガントピテカスの差異は ミオセンの大猿の放射の一部です
- 歯のエナメルから採取した 古代のタンパク質分析は 進化の歴史を 困難な環境で再構築するのに有効です
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