将来の氷河のない盆地における大きな水力発電と貯水の可能性
Daniel Farinotti1,2, Vanessa Round3,4, Matthias Huss3,4,5
1Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. daniel.farinotti@ethz.ch.
Nature
|November 15, 2019
まとめ
気候変動による氷河の退却は 重要な水貯蔵と水力発電の可能性を 開放する可能性があります 特に高山地帯のアジアでは 氷が解けた盆地が 相当なエネルギー資源を提供できるでしょう
科学分野:
- 氷河学 と 気候 科学
- 水力発電工学
- 環境資源管理
背景:
- 気候変動により 氷河が前代未聞の規模で 縮小しています
- 水不足や危険などの悪影響に 注目されています
- 氷のない新興地域は 水の貯蔵とエネルギー生産に 新たな機会をもたらします
研究 の 目的:
- 氷がなくなる地域の潜在的水貯蔵と水力発電能力を定量化する.
- 環境,技術,経済的要因を考慮して,これらの新興資源の適性を評価する.
- 特に高山地帯のアジアで,大きな可能性を持つ地域を特定する.
主な方法:
- 気候変動による氷河の進化モデルを使って 変化を予測しました
- 貯蔵量と水力発電の可能性を推定するために地形分析を使用した.
- 主要な可行性要因を含む第一級の適性評価を実施した.
主要な成果:
- 推定される理論上の最大貯蔵量は875 ± 260 km3で,水力発電の潜在力は1,355 ± 515 TWh/年である.
- この潜在力の約40% (355 ± 105 km3と533 ± 200 TWh/年) が実現に適していることが判明した.
- 貯蔵容量の4分の3は2050年までに発生し,年間流出量の半分を保持できると予測されています.
結論:
- 脱氷盆地には未開発の水貯蔵と水力発電の可能性がある.
- これらの資源は,特に高山地帯のアジアでは,国のエネルギー供給に大きく貢献できる.
- 地域特有の評価は,地域の影響と開発の実現可能性の評価に不可欠です.
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