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半径速度測定による広い恒星・ブラックホール・バイナリ系
Jifeng Liu1,2,3, Haotong Zhang4, Andrew W Howard5
1Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. jfliu@nao.cas.cn.
Nature
|November 29, 2019
まとめ
天文学者は同伴星の 放射速度測定を用いて 巨大なブラックホールを発見しました この発見は,高金属性環境におけるブラックホールの形成に関する現在の恒星進化理論に挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- 天体物理学
- スター進化
- ブラックホール物理学
背景:
- 恒星の質量を持つブラックホールは,通常,二重星系で蓄積するガスのX線放射によって識別されます.
- 既存のX線で特定されたシステムは 星とブラックホールのバイナリ群のごく一部にすぎません
- 結合しないブラックホールは 伴星の動きを観察することで検出できます
研究 の 目的:
- X線放射で特定できない恒星質量ブラックホールを検知し,特徴づけること.
- X線観測を超えて 星とブラックホールのバイナリ群を調査する
- 恒星の進化とブラックホール形成の 理論を検証するためです
主な方法:
- 銀河系B型恒星 LB-1 の2年間の放射速度測定を行った.
- B星の軌道運動とその付随するHα放射線を分析した.
- 観測された恒星の動きに基づいて 暗黒の同伴者の質量を計算した
主要な成果:
- ブラックホールと一致する 約70倍の質量を持つ 暗黒の伴星を特定しました
- 78.9日間の長い軌道周期を持つ広い二重星であると決定した.
- 検出されたブラックホールの質量は 重力波の実験で発見された質量と似ています
結論:
- 巨大なブラックホールの発見は 放射線速度測定により これらの物体を検出する方法を拡張します
- 高金属度環境でこのような巨大なブラックホールの形成は,現在の恒星の進化モデルにとって大きな課題です.
- この発見は 巨大なブラックホールが 以前考えられていたよりも 特に広い二進体系では 多いことを示唆しています
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