TLR8はRNase T2の分解産物のセンサーである
Wilhelm Greulich1, Mirko Wagner2, Moritz M Gaidt3
1Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Cell
|November 29, 2019
まとめ
リゾソーム酵素RNase T2は,トール型受容体8 (TLR8) がRNA断片を検出するために不可欠である. RNase T2の活動は,免疫細胞のTLR8シグナリングを活性化する特定のRNA分子を生成します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- トール型受容体8 (TLR8) は,ヒトの骨髄細胞における重要なパターン認識受容体であり,先天的な免疫に不可欠である.
- TLR8がRNA分解産物を感知する正確なメカニズムと,そのリガンドの起源は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- TLR8による外来RNAの細胞感知に関与する上流要因を解明する.
- 複雑なRNA分子から生物学的に重要なTLR8リガンドを生成する酵素を特定する.
主な方法:
- TLR8検出のためのRNA処理におけるリゾソーマのエンドロビヌクレアスの役割を調査した.
- RNase T2による単鎖RNAの分裂産物とそのTLR8との相互作用を分析した.
主要な成果:
- TLR8媒介のRNA認識の重要な上流調節体としてリゾソーマルエンドロビヌクレアースRNase T2を特定した.
- TLR8によって外因的な単一鎖RNAを検出できるようにするために,RNase T2の活性が必要であることが示された.
- RNase T2は,強力なTLR8アゴニストである purin-2',3'-cyclophosphate末端のオリゴリボヌクレオチドを生成することを示した.
結論:
- RNase T2は,TLR8を活性化する特定のRNAリガンドの生成に不可欠です.
- この研究は,複雑なRNA分子からTLR8活性化RNA断片を生成する酵素経路を明らかにし,先天的な免疫感知の重要な側面を明らかにしています.
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