ヒト胚におけるクロマチンの構造の確立におけるCTCFの重要な役割
Xuepeng Chen1, Yuwen Ke1, Keliang Wu2
1CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature
|December 6, 2019
まとめ
人間の精子にはCTCFとトポロジカルアソシエイトドメイン (TAD) が欠けている. TADはヒト胚の発達中に確立され,シゴティックゲノム活性化 (ZGA) でCTCF発現を必要とする.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクス
- 発達生物学
- エピジェネティクス
背景:
- クロマチンは核の階層構造を形成し,遺伝子発現を制御する.
- 人間の胚形成中の3D染色体構造のダイナミクスはよく理解されていません.
- 人間の精子にはクロマチンの調節物質CTCFとトポロジカルアソシエイトドメイン (TAD) が欠けている.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の胚形成の過程で 3Dクロマチン構造の形成を調査する.
- TAD形成におけるCTCFとジゴティックゲノム活性化 (ZGA) の役割を決定する.
- ヒトとマウスの早期発達における染色体組織の違いを理解する.
主な方法:
- 人間とマウスの精子の染色体構造の比較分析
- ヒト胚の発達中のTADとA/B区画の形成を追跡する.
- TAD形成に対する ZGA 阻害の影響を調査する.
- 人間の胚形成の初期に CTCFの発現レベルを分析する.
- TAD組織に対するCTCFのノックダウンの影響の評価
主要な成果:
- ヒトの精子にはCTCFとTADがなく マウスの精子とは違います
- TADの構造は,ヒトの受精後と胚形成の間に徐々に確立されます.
- A/B区分は2細胞段階で失われ,後に再構築される.
- ZGAを阻害すると,ヒト胚ではTADの形成が阻害されますが,マウスやドロソフィラではそうではありません.
- CTCFの発現はZGAの前に低く,TADが現れたときにZGA中に高くなります.
- CTCFのノックダウンは,ヒト胚のTAD組織を著しく減少させる.
結論:
- CTCFは,ヒトの胚形成中に3Dクロマチンの構造を確立する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- ヒト胚におけるZGAにおけるTADの確立は,CTCF発現に依存する.
- ヒトの初期の発達には,他の種と比較して独特の染色体組織ダイナミクスがあります.
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