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世界の水道塔の重要性と脆弱性
W W Immerzeel1,2, A F Lutz3,4, M Andrade5,6
1Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. w.w.immerzeel@uu.nl.
Nature
|December 10, 2019
まとめ
山は地球上の重要な水源であり 重要な水資源を供給しています この研究では 重要性と脆弱性をランク付けする 世界的なインデックスを導入し 最も重要な水道塔が 気候変動による 最大のリスクに直面し 何十億もの人々に 影響を与えていることを明らかにしました
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 水学
- 気候変動に関する研究
背景:
- 山は,地球規模の水供給の重要な"水塔"として機能し,自然と人間の重要な需要を満たしています.
- 気候変動に対する感受性は高いが,世界の重要性や脆弱性は定量化されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 世界的なウォータータワー・インデックス (WTI) を開発し,山脈の水供給の重要性によってランク付けする.
- 水圧,ガバナンス,水政的要因,そして将来の変化を考慮して,これらの水塔の脆弱性を評価する.
主な方法:
- グローバル・ウォーター・タワー・インデックス (WTI) の開発
- ウォータータワーの脆弱性の評価は,水ストレス,ガバナンス,水政的緊張,将来の気候および社会経済的変化の指標を用いて行われます.
主要な成果:
- グローバル・ウォーター・タワーの識別とランキング
- 最も重要なウォータータワー (最も高いWTI) が最も脆弱であることを示す.
- 気候変動と社会経済的な変化がこれらの重要な水資源に及ぼす深刻な影響を予測する.
結論:
- 世界で最も重要な水塔は 気候や社会経済的変化に非常に脆弱です
- これらの変化は,山岳地帯の内や下流に住む19億人に重大なリスクをもたらします.
- これらの重要な地球規模の水資源の健全性と機能を守るため,緊急の行動が必要である.
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