栄養失調による二重負担の経済的影響
Rachel Nugent1, Carol Levin2, Jessica Hale3
1RTI International, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington Department of Global Health, Seattle, WA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 20, 2019
まとめ
栄養不良と肥満を含む 栄養不良の二重負担は 経済的コストを伴う. 両方の条件を同時に解決する二重の介入は,別々のプログラムよりも費用対効果が高くなります.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生と栄養
- 健康 経済
- 発達に関する小児科
背景:
- 栄養不良の二重負担 (DBM) は,人口の中で栄養不足 (発育不全) と栄養過剰 (肥満) が共存することを意味します.
- DBMは,発達障害,病気の感受性の増加,非伝染性疾患のより高いリスクを含む有害な健康結果をもたらします.
- 生産性の低下や医療費の上昇などの経済的な影響は大きくても 定量化されていないことが多い.
研究 の 目的:
- 栄養失調の経済的コストと利益,特にDBMを分析する.
- 単一に焦点を当てたプログラムと比較して"二重機能"の介入の経済的効率を評価する.
- 統合された栄養戦略のための経済的証拠を提供することで政策決定を導く.
主な方法:
- 栄養失調に対する既存の経済モデルアプローチのレビュー
- DBMの経済的損失を評価するための現在のモデルにおける弱点の特定.
- 4歳以上の子供のための二重の介入 (改善された食事の質を含む学校給食) の経済分析
主要な成果:
- 現存する経済モデルでは,DBMに関連する損失を正確に測定するには不十分です.
- 改善された学校給食のような二重の介入はコスト削減と効率化の可能性を示しています.
- 提案された方法論は,統合栄養介入の経済的影響を評価する妥当性を示しています.
結論:
- 統合された"二重機能"の栄養介入は,発育阻害と肥満に対する別々のプログラムよりも効率的で費用対効果が高くなります.
- 経済的な評価は,DBMに対処する最適な栄養介入の選択に不可欠です.
- DBMの介入のより正確な経済的見積もりのために,データとモデリングのさらなる改善が必要である.
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