栄養不良の二重負担:病因的経路と健康への影響
Jonathan C Wells1, Ana Lydia Sawaya2, Rasmus Wibaek3
1Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 20, 2019
まとめ
栄養不良の二重負担 (DBM) は,生涯にわたる栄養不良と肥満に曝され,生物学的および社会的要因によって健康に影響を及ぼします. DBMに取り組むには 世界的な栄養と公衆衛生政策の システム的な変化が必要です
科学分野:
- 栄養学
- 公衆衛生
- 人生の経路 流行病学
背景:
- 栄養不良は歴史的に別々の問題として見られている:栄養不良と肥満.
- 世界的な栄養変化により 栄養不良の形態が増加しています
- 栄養失調 (DBM) の二重の負担を 経験する人が増えています
研究 の 目的:
- 栄養失調の様々な形態の相互関係を探求する.
- 栄養失調の二重負担の 生物学的および社会的要因を特定する.
- 栄養不良の二重負担を軽減するための戦略を提案する.
主な方法:
- 栄養失調,栄養転換,ライフコース経路に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
- 早期の栄養不良と後の肥満を結びつける生物学的経路の分析
- 栄養失調のパターンに影響を与える社会的,生態学的要因の検討
主要な成果:
- 早期の栄養不良と 後の肥満は 非伝染性疾患のリスクを高めます
- 女性におけるDBMは出産の合併症のリスクを高めます.
- 相互に関連した生物学的経路 (腸内微生物群,炎症,代謝失調) がDBM効果を媒介する.
- 社会的な要因 (食事のシフト,身体活動) と環境的要因 (病原体負担) が生涯にわたる栄養失調を形作る.
結論:
- DBMの緩和には 栄養と公衆衛生の 重要な社会的変化が必要です
- 全面的で持続的な 世界規模での介入が必要です
- 栄養失調の二重の負担に対処することは,世界の健康状態を改善するために不可欠です.
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