ソマトセンサリーニューロンのトランスクリプションアイデンティティの出現
Nikhil Sharma1,2, Kali Flaherty1,2, Karina Lezgiyeva1,2
1Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|January 10, 2020
まとめ
発達する体感覚神経は 特殊化されず 開発過程で転写因子の発現を調節することによって,標的から派生したシグナルが,それらの多様化を異なるサブタイプに導く.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 主要な体感覚神経は 12種類以上の異なるサブタイプがあり それぞれ独自の機能を持っています.
- これらのニューロンサブタイプに特化した遺伝子発現プログラムを確立する発達メカニズムは,ほとんど不明のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 主要な体感覚神経子型の転写成熟の発達軌道を調査する.
- 遺伝子発現プログラムが ニューロンの多様化を 推進する方法を明らかにする
主な方法:
- 開発中のマウスのプライマリ体感覚神経細胞系統のトランスクリプトミカルアトラスの生成.
- 特定の転写因子を欠いた変異性マウスの感覚神経細胞の単細胞転写学的分析.
- 転写因子パターンの神経成長因子 (NGF) 破壊効果の調査.
主要な成果:
- ソマトセンサリーニューロゲネシスは最初,広範囲の転写因子共表現を持つ転写的に非特化ニューロンを産生する.
- 開発には,特定のニューロンのサブタイプに転写因子を制限し,サブタイプ特有の遺伝子発現を調整することが含まれます.
- NGFのシグナル伝達が妨げられ,変異因子の発現パターンが異常になり,標的による影響を示唆する.
結論:
- ニューロンの多様化は 細胞が非特化状態から特化状態に 移行する発達プロセスによって引き起こされます
- 標的に由来するシグナルは,転写因子の選択を調節することによって,神経細胞の多様化において重要な役割を果たします.
- 標的フィールドのシグナルが転写因子調節を通じてサブタイプ仕様を促進するモデルが提案されています.
関連する概念動画
Somatosensation
42.8K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
42.8K
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways
8.0K
Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
8.0K
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System
10.9K
The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
10.9K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.5K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.5K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
2.2K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
2.2K
General Transcription Factors
6.6K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
6.6K


