腸内微生物群の因果関係を確立または誇張する:ヒト微生物群に関連した歯類からの教訓
Jens Walter1, Anissa M Armet2, B Brett Finlay3
1Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Medicine and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland.
Cell
|January 25, 2020
まとめ
人間の微生物群に関連した (HMA) 歯類は高い感染率を示していますが,これはヒトの病気における腸内微生物群の役割を過大評価している可能性があります. 誤解を招くような結論を避けるには 批判的なアプローチが必要です
科学分野:
- 微生物群の研究
- 腸の健康と病気
- 病気の研究における動物モデル
背景:
- ヒトの病気はますます腸の機能不全と関連しています.
- 人間の微生物群に関連した (HMA) ネズミは,微生物群と宿主病理の間の因果関係を研究するために使用されます.
- 腸内微生物群の変異が病気の病因に与える影響は ほとんど解明されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 転移可能な病態を評価するためにHMAを駆使した研究を体系的に検討する.
- ヒトの病気に対するHMA研究による因果関係を批判的に評価する.
- 微生物群の研究において より厳格なアプローチを提唱する.
主な方法:
- HMAが歯類を対象とした研究を体系的に検討した.
- 受容動物に移転した報告された病理的現象の分析.
- ヒトの病気に対するHMAネズミのモデルからの因果推論の評価
主要な成果:
- レビューされたHMA歯類の研究の95%は,転移可能な病理的表型を報告した.
- 多くの研究で これらの発見を推論して 人間の病気との因果関係を推論した.
- 伝染病の高い割合は 微生物の役割が 過大評価されていることを示唆しています
結論:
- HMAの歯類モデルにおける種間伝染病の高い割合は,おそらく不合理である.
- 現在の解釈では 腸内微生物の病因的な役割が 過大評価されているかもしれません
- より批判的で厳格なアプローチは 信頼性の高い微生物科学と翻訳に不可欠です
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