DIXドメインポリメリゼーションドライブ 植物細胞の極性複合体の組み立て
Maritza van Dop1, Marc Fiedler2, Sumanth Mutte1
1Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Cell
|February 1, 2020
まとめ
植物と動物の細胞の極性メカニズムは 古代の起源を共有しています 植物のSOSEKIタンパク質はDIXドメインのポリメリゼーションを利用し,細胞の極性を確立するために王国にわたって保存されるプロセスである.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 発達生物学
- 進化生物学
背景:
- 細胞の極性は多細胞生物の発達に不可欠です
- 動物の平面極性は,WntシグナルとDishevelled (Dvl) タンパク質のポリメリゼーションに依存しています.
- 植物の極性メカニズムは 未知のままです
研究 の 目的:
- 植物や動物における細胞の極性メカニズムの進化的起源を調査する.
- 植物性タンパク質が動物性タンパク質に類似するメカニズムを利用しているかどうかを判断する.
- 細胞の極性を制御する 古代の保存経路を特定する
主な方法:
- 陸上の植物のSOSEKIタンパク質の識別と特徴付け
- SOSEKIタンパク質の局所化とポリメリゼーションの分析
- 動物と植物のDIXドメインの域間交換実験
- DIXドメインの遺伝子解析
主要な成果:
- SOSEKIタンパク質は 陸上の植物で保存されている 古代の極地タンパク質です
- SOSEKIタンパク質は,そのDIXドメインを通じてポリマー化し,他のタンパク質を極部部に誘導する.
- 動物と植物のDIXドメインは機能的に同等であり,王国間の保全を示しています.
- DIXドメインは,多細胞性より前の単細胞性ユカリオットにたどり着く.
結論:
- DIXドメイン依存ポリメリゼーションメカニズムは,細胞の極性を確立するための古くから保存されているシステムです.
- このメカニズムは 植物や動物の多細胞性の 独立した進化に先立ちます
- SOSEKIのタンパク質は 保存された植物と動物の対称性を表しています
関連する概念動画
Cell Adhesion in Plants
3.1K
Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
3.1K
The Phragmoplast
6.1K
Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
The...
6.1K
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
3.4K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
3.4K
Cell Signaling in Plants
6.1K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
6.1K
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation
3.7K
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
3.7K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
3.4K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
3.4K


