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関連する概念動画

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

16.6K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
16.6K
Precipitation of Ions03:11

Precipitation of Ions

29.7K
Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
29.7K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

47.6K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
47.6K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.1K
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

1.0K
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
1.0K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.9K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
10.9K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

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2次元ラドルスデン・ポッパー鉛イオジペロブスキートにおけるカチオン工学,ケージ内の混合大A位カチオン

Yongping Fu1, Xinyi Jiang1, Xiaotong Li1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 8, 2020
PubMed
まとめ

大量のエチラモニウムカチオンは2Dハリドペロブスキートケージに入り,ゴールドシュミット耐性因子に異議を唱える. この構造の変化はペロブスキットの特性に影響し,材料科学に新しい洞察をもたらします.

さらに関連する動画

Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation
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Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation

Published on: October 1, 2019

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Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
08:12

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Published on: September 8, 2017

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

17.0K
Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation
04:14

Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation

Published on: October 1, 2019

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Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
08:12

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Published on: September 8, 2017

9.9K

科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 固体化学
  • クリスタルグラフィー

背景:

  • ゴールドシュミット耐性因子は,ペロブスキート構造のカチオンサイズを伝統的に制限する.
  • これらの限界を理解することは,特異な特性を持つ新しいペロブスキート材料の設計に不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 大量のエチラモニウム (EA) カチオンが2Dハリドペロブスキットに標準の許容率を超えて組み込まれていることを調査する.
  • これらのペロブスキットの構造的,光学的,電子的特性に対するEA カチオンの含有の影響を探求する.

主な方法:

  • カチオン工学による2Dラドルズデン・ポッパー鉛ヨウ酸化ペロブスキート合成: (BA) 2 ((EAxMA1-x) 2Pb3I10.
  • 構造変化を特定するための単一結晶X線微分分析.
  • 光学と電子の特性を探求するためのスペクトロスコピー技術と理論的計算.

主要な成果:

  • エチラモニウム (EA) カチオンは,2Dハリドペロブスキートケージに組み込まれ,構造を伸ばしました.
  • EAの組み込みは,重要な Pb-I 債券の伸縮,ケージの拡張,およびオクタヘッドの歪みを増加させた.
  • 観測された効果には,青にシフトしたバンドギャップ,拡大したサブバンドギャップトラップ状態,および強化された光発光の消火が含まれます.

結論:

  • この研究は,2Dハリドペロブスキートにおいて,ゴールドシュミット耐性因子を構造的伸縮によって克服することができることを示している.
  • この発見は,ペロブスキート材料の構造-特性関係,特に大きなカチオン組み込みに関する貴重な洞察を提供します.
  • この作品は2Dペロフスキットのライブラリを拡張し,将来の材料設計の道を提供します.