哺乳類の中枢神経系における開発中の軸索の化学誘導
M Tessier-Lavigne1, M Placzek, A G Lumsden
1Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York 10032.
Nature
|December 22, 1988
まとめ
中枢神経系における軸索の発達は,化学誘導物質分子によって導かれます. フロアプレート細胞は,脊髄軸索の成長を誘導する因子を分泌し,脊椎動物の中枢神経の化学誘導をサポートします.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- アクソン誘導は,細胞表面と細胞外マトリックスシグナルに依存して,神経系の発達に不可欠です.
- 分子梯度による誘導であるケモトロピズムが提案されているが,脊椎動物の中央神経系 (CNS) では確認されていない.
- 脊髄のコンシチュアル軸索は,中線構造である床板に向かってナビゲートします.
研究 の 目的:
- 脊椎動物の中枢神経系の軸索の発達をケミオトロピクメカニズムが導くかどうかを調査する.
- 床板細胞が,軸索の成長パターンに影響を与える拡散性因子を分泌しているかどうかを判断する.
- コミッショラル軸索に対する化学誘導の仮説を検証する.
主な方法:
- ネズミの床板細胞と胚性脊髄エキスプラントを用いたインビトロ共培養試験.
- 床板細胞の分泌がコンミサール軸索の成長パターンと方向性に及ぼす影響の分析.
- 異なる胚性脊髄軸索の誘導信号の特異性を評価する.
主要な成果:
- ネズミのフロアプレート細胞は,インビトロ (in vitro) でコンシューラール軸索を惹きつけ,指向する拡散因子を分泌する.
- これらの要因は,他の胚性脊髄軸索に影響を与えることなく,特別にコンミサール軸索の成長に影響します.
- 観察された効果は,化学誘導機構を支えるものである.
結論:
- ケモトロピズムは,脊椎動物の中枢神経系の内部で開発中の軸索をターゲットに導く役割を果たします.
- 床板細胞によって分泌される拡散性化学誘致剤は,コンミサール軸索誘導の重要な媒介体である.
- この研究は,中枢神経系におけるケモトロピク誘導の証拠を提供する.
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