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Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

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The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
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Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

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At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
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Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
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Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

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The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and...
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The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

The Cell Cycle Control System

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The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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アナフェーズ促進複合体によって制御される遺伝子発現と細胞同一性

Eugene Oh1,2, Kevin G Mark1,2, Annamaria Mocciaro1,2,3

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Nature
|February 21, 2020
PubMed
まとめ

科学者たちは 細胞分裂後に遺伝子発現を再開する ユビキチン依存メカニズムを発見しました アナフェーズ促進複合体 (APC/C) が関与するこのプロセスは,細胞サイクルを通して細胞のアイデンティティを保ちます.

さらに関連する動画

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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Identification of Enhancer-Promoter Contacts in Embryoid Bodies by Quantitative Chromosome Conformation Capture 4C
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Identification of Enhancer-Promoter Contacts in Embryoid Bodies by Quantitative Chromosome Conformation Capture 4C

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Dec 28, 2025

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10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

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Identification of Enhancer-Promoter Contacts in Embryoid Bodies by Quantitative Chromosome Conformation Capture 4C
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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • 分子生物学
  • 発達生物学

背景:

  • メタゾア群の発達は,転写ネットワークによって支配される原始細胞の増殖に依存する.
  • 遺伝子の発現はミトーシス中に一時停止し,毎回細胞のアイデンティティプログラムを再起動する必要があります.
  • ミトーシス後にこれらの転写プログラムを再起動するメカニズムはよく理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 遺伝子発現を再開し,ミトーシス後に細胞のアイデンティティを維持する分子機構を特定する.
  • 細胞周期調節された転写におけるユビキチン依存経路の役割を解明する.

主な方法:

  • ミトーシス中の転写開始部位とWDR5とTBPの相互作用を調査した.
  • ヒストンのユビキチネーションとタンパク質の徴集を検出するために生化学的測定を用いた.
  • ミトーシス後の遺伝子発現の調節におけるアナフェーズ促進複合体 (APC/C) の役割を調べた.

主要な成果:

  • WDR5とTBPをミトーシス中にプロモーターにアナフェーズ促進複合体 (APC/C) を誘導する因子として特定した.
  • APC/CがK11/K48分岐鎖を持つヒストンをユビキチナートすることを示した.
  • これらのユビキチン化ヒストンは,p97とプロテアソームを誘導し,その後の細胞サイクルで急速な多能性遺伝子発現を促進します.

結論:

  • APC/Cを含むユビキチン依存メカニズムは,細胞のアイデンティティを維持するために遺伝子発現と細胞分裂を統合します.
  • APC/Cは,ミトスの脱出と転写の再始動の両方を制御する重要な調節剤として作用する.
  • この経路は 細胞分裂を通して 細胞のアイデンティティを維持するための 堅固なメカニズムを提供します