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Updated: Dec 27, 2025

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Murine Fecal Isolation and Microbiota Transplantation
Published on: May 26, 2023
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プリバイオティック 繊維 の 欠乏 と 腸内 の 代謝 物質 を 感知 する 受容体 の 信号 伝達 の 不足 は 心血管 疾患 に 繋がる
David M Kaye1,2,3, Waled A Shihata1, Hamdi A Jama1,4
1Heart Failure Research Group (D.M.K., W.A.S., H.A.J., D.H., B.G., A.F., F.Z.M.), Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Circulation
|February 26, 2020
まとめ
西洋の食生活では プレバイオティック繊維が不足すると 腸内細菌が変化し 高血圧や心臓病に繋がります 短鎖脂肪酸 (SCFA) を通して有益な腸内代謝物を回復させることで,心臓血管の健康が守られます.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 心血管の生理学
- 栄養学
背景:
- 高血圧 (BP) は,心血管疾患による死亡の主なリスク因子です.
- 繊維が少ない西欧の食生活は 血圧の上昇と関連しています
- プレバイオティック・ファイバーの欠乏がBPに影響するメカニズムはほとんど不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物群と血圧に対する プレバイオティック繊維欠乏の影響を調査する
- これらの効果を媒介するGタンパク質結合受容体 (GPCRs) の役割を明らかにする.
- 短鎖脂肪酸 (SCFA) が高血圧を緩和する治療的可能性を決定する.
主な方法:
- C57BL/6Jマウス,グノトビオティックマウス,GPCRノックアウト株 (GPR41,GPR43,GPR109A) を使用した.
- 軽度の高血圧を誘発するためにアニオテンシンIIを投与し,食物繊維とSCFAの含有量を操作しました.
- 血圧,心臓機能,腸内微生物の組成,およびメチル化を含む分子変化の評価
主要な成果:
- プレビオティック繊維の欠乏は高血圧を悪化させ 心臓の病理的な改造につながりました
- 高血圧性の微生物群の移転により,高血圧性の表型が gnotobiotic マウスで複製された.
- SCFAは,GPR43/GPR109Aシグナル伝達により,メタボリートレベルとT細胞の多さに影響する心臓保護効果を示した.
結論:
- 繊維が少ない欧米の食事は,SCFAの産生を減らし,GPR43/109Aの信号伝達を損なうことで高血圧を促進する可能性があります.
- 健康な腸内微生物群は 心血管の健康を維持するために不可欠です
- SCFAの生成とシグナル伝達経路をターゲットにすることが,高血圧管理の潜在的な戦略です.
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