スペクトロテンポラル変調に対する明確な感受性は,言語とメロディーの脳の非対称性をサポートする

Philippe Albouy^1,2,3, Lucas Benjamin⁴, Benjamin Morillon⁵

¹Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. philippe.albouy@psy.ulaval.ca.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 29, 2020

まとめ

言語と音楽の処理における脳の非対称性は脳の音質の処理方法から生じます聴覚領域は音声の時間的信号と旋律のスペクトル信号に特化しています

科学分野:

神経科学
聴覚的知覚
精神音響学

背景:

言語と音楽を処理する脳の非対称性の起源は議論の余地があります
この非対称性は,信号の音響特性か,または特殊なニューラルネットワークから生じるのか不明である.

研究の目的:

歌った言葉を処理する脳の非対称性は,音声信号や領域特有の神経ネットワークに依存しているかどうかを調査する.
音響的特徴,知覚,そしてスピーチとメロディーの神経処理の関係を決定する.

主な方法:

演唱されたスピーチの刺激における時間的またはスペクトル的な調節の選択的なフィルタリング.
言語とメロディの識別を評価する行動認識テスト
神経活動パターンを分析する機能的磁気共鳴画像 (fMRI)
fMRIデータに基づく神経分類のための機械学習

主要な成果:

音声感知は時間調節フィルタリングで低下し,メロディ感知はスペクトル調節フィルタリングで低下した.
左の聴覚領域は音声解読の活動が増加し右の聴覚領域はメロディの解読の活動が増加しました
音声とメロディーの神経解読は,それぞれの聴覚領域におけるスペクトロテンポラル変調率に対する特定の感受性に関連していた.
音響の劣化による知覚の変化は,神経分類の精度の変化を反映した.

結論:

音声と音楽の処理における脳の非対称性は信号の音響特性によって影響されます
聴覚領域はスピーチやメロディに関連する異なるスペクトル・タイムパーツを処理する専門性を示しています
コミュニケーション信号を効率的に処理するために音声信号と神経の特化が一致します

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