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関連する概念動画

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

47.6K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
47.6K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.3K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

11.2K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
11.2K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.9K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
10.9K
Electron Configurations02:46

Electron Configurations

24.8K
Electron configurations and orbital diagrams can be determined by applying the Aufbau principle (each added electron occupies the subshell of lowest energy available), Pauli exclusion principle (no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers), and Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity (whenever possible, electrons retain unpaired spins in degenerate orbitals).
The relative energies of the subshells determine the order in which atomic orbitals are filled (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p,...
24.8K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.1K

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Atom Probe Tomography Studies on the CuIn,GaSe2 Grain Boundaries
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Atom Probe Tomography Studies on the CuIn,GaSe2 Grain Boundaries

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原子精度 Cu23ナノクラスターのポリモルフィズム テトラヘッド [Cu4]0 カーネル

Bao-Liang Han1, Zhen Liu2, Lei Feng1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 5, 2020
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,グラデント減少戦略を使用して,安定した23銅ナノクラスタを開発しました. このブレークスルーにより,多形銅ナノクラスタの正確な構造分析と制御可能な合成が可能になり,以前の不安定性の問題を克服しました.

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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • ナノテクノロジー
  • 無機化学

背景:

  • 銅ナノクラスターは通常不安定であり,正確な構造の決定を妨げます.
  • ナノクラスターの原子精密な特徴は,その性質と応用を理解するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 安定した銅ナノクラスタを合成し構造的に解明する.
  • ポリモルフな銅ナノクラスタを製造するための制御可能な方法を開発する.

主な方法:

  • Cu (II),Cu (I),Cu (0) の中間物質を含むグラデント減少戦略 (GRS) を利用した.
  • 使用された特定の前駆物質:Cu ((CF3COO) 2 ,t-BuCCH ,Cu粉,およびPh2SiH2.
  • 固体特性分析技術を用いてナノクラスター構造を分析した.

主要な成果:

  • 空気と水分に安定した23銅ナノクラスター (SD/Cu23aまたはSD/Cu23b) を成功裏に合成した.
  • 構造を決定した:Cu19殻内の[Cu4]0四面体の中核,t-BuCC-とCF3COO-リガンドによって安定した.
  • Cu23ナノクラスターを 1S21P2電子構成の 希少な4電子超原子として特定した.
  • 結晶溶剤に依存する2つの異なるポリモルフ (R3cとR3̅) が観察され,分子間相互作用の影響を受けた.

結論:

  • グラデント減少戦略は,安定した,原子精度の高い銅ナノクラスターを合成するのに有効です.
  • 銅ナノクラスターのポリモルフィックの形成を正確に制御することが示されました.
  • 銅ナノクラスター合成と構造的多様性の基本的な理解を進めた.