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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.1K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
40.1K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.3K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.4K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.4K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

2.4K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
2.4K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Constructing Thioether/Vinyl Sulfide-tethered Helical Peptides Via Photo-induced Thiol-ene/yne Hydrothiolation
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Constructing Thioether/Vinyl Sulfide-tethered Helical Peptides Via Photo-induced Thiol-ene/yne Hydrothiolation

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シーケンスで定義されたポリウレタンマクロマーからのチオルエネネットワーク

Emily A Hoff1, Guilhem X De Hoe2, Christopher M Mulvaney1

  • 1Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14835, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 24, 2020
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は,バニリンベースのモノマーを使用して,配列定義ポリマーを作成するためのスケーラブルな方法を開発しました. この突破は,グラムスケールの合成を可能にし,交互にリンクされたネットワークの配列依存特性を明らかにします.

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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
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Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 材料科学
  • 有機合成

背景:

  • スケーラビリティの制限は,プラスチック,繊維,複合材料におけるシーケンス定義ポリマーアプリケーションを妨げています.
  • クロスリンクされたネットワークの特性に対するモノマー配列の影響はほとんど不明である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 配列で定義された物質のグラム量を生成するためのスケーラブルな合成経路を開発する.
  • モノマー配列が交互に結合したポリマーネットワークの性質に与える影響を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 合成のために安価で機能的なバニリン基のモノマーを使用した.
  • ポリウレタンオリゴーマーを組み立てるために,連続的還元性アミネーションとカルバメーションを使用した.
  • クロマトグラフィの浄化を最小限に抑え,固体/液体の支柱を避けることで,グラムスケールの合成を達成した.

主要な成果:

  • 正確に制御されたモノマー配列で3つの配列定義ポリウレタンオリゴーマーを合成しました.
  • シーケンスで定義されたオリゴマーのグラムスケールでの生産が実証されています.
  • モノメア配列が,交絡材料のネットワークトポロジーとゴム型モジュールを影響することを観察した.

結論:

  • シーケンスで定義された熱固体のためのスケーラブルな合成戦略を提示します.
  • モノメア配列が材料の性質に与える 重要な影響を強調する.
  • パーソナライズされた特性を備えた高度なポリマー材料を設計するための新しい道を開きます.