南洋の生態系を保護するための海洋捕食者の追跡
Mark A Hindell1,2, Ryan R Reisinger3,4,5, Yan Ropert-Coudert3
1Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. mark.hindell@utas.edu.au.
Nature
|April 3, 2020
まとめ
南洋の重要な生態学的に重要な地域 (AES) を明らかにしています. 漁業や気候変動による脅威を軽減するには,これらの重要な生息地を守ることが重要です.
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学
- 保護科学
- 海洋学
背景:
- 南洋の生態系は,資源の搾取と気候変動による圧力の増大に直面しています.
- 生態学的に重要な地域 (AES) の特定と保護は,効果的な緩和に不可欠です.
- 以前のAESの識別は,海洋盆地規模の評価がないため,範囲が限られていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 海洋捕食者の追跡を用いて,南洋流域の生態学的に重要な地域 (AES) を特定する.
- 特定されたAES内の現在の脅威,特に漁業圧力を評価する.
- これらの生態学的に重要な地域における既存の保護レベルを評価する.
主な方法:
- 17種の海鳥と哺乳類から 4,000以上の追跡データセットを統合しました
- 集積レベルでの追跡分析により,生態学的に重要な地域が特定される.
- AES内の漁業圧力の空間分析と気候変動の影響の予測
主要な成果:
- 特定されたAESは,南極大陸の島と南極大陸棚の周りに集中しています.
- 漁業の圧力は,これらの特定されたAES内で不釣り合いに高い.
- 気候変動は,特に南極大陸の周辺で,AESへの圧力を増加させると予測されています.
結論:
- 現在の保護措置は南洋の7.1%をカバーし,AES全体の29%が含まれています.
- AESを含む保護区ネットワークの確立と定期的な見直しは必要である.
- 南洋の生態系に対する脅威を長期的に緩和するには,積極的な保全戦略が不可欠です.
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