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腸内 の 亜鉛 センサー は,食物 の 摂取 と 発達 の 成長 を 調節 する
Siamak Redhai1,2, Clare Pilgrim1,2, Pedro Gaspar1,2
1MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
Nature
|April 10, 2020
まとめ
研究者達はホドールという 亜鉛の入り口をハエの腸内細胞に発見しました これは栄養分を感知し 幼虫の成長に不可欠です 特に欠乏状態ではです この発見は,亜鉛に対する新しい食事の好みを明らかにし,病気のベクトル制御のための潜在的なターゲットです.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 生理学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 栄養素の検出は ホメオスタシスと生物の適応に不可欠です
- 腸内分泌細胞は栄養素を感知しますが,腸内細胞の栄養素感知はあまり理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- エントロサイト内の新しい栄養素センサーを特定する.
- 新しく特定された受容体であるホドールの機能とメカニズムを記述する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの遺伝子検査
- クセノプスの卵細胞とハエの実験
- アノフェレス・ガンビアのCRISPR-Cas9ゲノム編集
主要な成果:
- 栄養不足下で幼虫の発達に不可欠な腸内細胞のイオントロプ受容体であるホーダーを特定した.
- ホドールはpHに敏感な亜鉛ゲート塩化物チャネルとして機能し,亜鉛に対する食事の好みを媒介する.
- ホドールは,食物摂取,インスリン/IGFシグナル伝達,Torシグナル伝達,およびリソソーム・ホメオスタシスに影響することによって,全身の成長を調節する.
結論:
- ホドールは栄養素の感知と腸細胞からの全身の成長の調節に重要な役割を果たします.
- アノフェレス・ガンビアにおけるホドールの昆虫特異性および本質性は,病変媒介制御の標的となる可能性を示唆している.
- 亜鉛のような微量栄養素はエネルギーホメオスタシスに大きく貢献し,生物学的研究で考慮する必要がある.
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