LRP1は,タウの吸収と拡散の主なレギュラーである
Jennifer N Rauch1, Gabriel Luna1, Elmer Guzman1
1Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Nature
|April 17, 2020
まとめ
低密度リポプロテイン受容体関連タンパク質1 (LRP1) は,神経変性疾患におけるタウタンパク質集合体の拡散を制御する. LRP1を阻害すると,タウの吸収と伝播が低下し,タウ病に対する潜在的な治療標的となる.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 細胞生物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- アルツハイマー病のような 神経退行性疾患では タンパク質の集積の拡散が一般的です
- マイクロチューブル関連タンパク質のタウ (tau) は,タウ病に中心的なものです.
- タウ病理は予測可能な方法で広がり プリオンのようなメカニズムを示唆しています
研究 の 目的:
- タウ細胞の拡散メカニズムを調査する
- タウ細胞内分泌と増殖の主要な調節体を特定する.
- LRP1をタオパシーの治療対象として検討する.
主な方法:
- 細胞培養モデル (H4ニューログリオマ,iPSC由来ニューロン) を用いて,tauの吸収におけるLRP1の役割を調査した.
- 生物化学的測定を用いてタウとLRP1の相互作用を調べた.
- LRP1のダウンレギュレーションがマウスモデルにおけるタウの拡散に及ぼす影響を評価した.
主要な成果:
- LRP1のノックダウンにより,神経細胞におけるタウの吸収が著しく低下した.
- LRP1は,tauの微小管結合領域のライシン残留物との相互作用によってtau内細胞化を媒介する.
- LRP1のダウンレギュレーションにより,神経細胞間のタウの伝播が低下した.
結論:
- LRP1はタウ細胞内分泌と細胞間拡散の重要な調節剤である.
- LRP1は,tau病理によって特徴づけられる神経変性疾患の有望な治療標的を表しています.
- LRP1の役割を理解することで,タオパシーの病原性に関する知識が向上します.
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