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広範囲に広がる氷床の質量減少は 競合する海洋と大気の過程を反映しています
Ben Smith1, Helen A Fricker2, Alex S Gardner3
1Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. besmith@uw.edu.
まとめ
地球の氷床は 質量を失い 海面上昇に寄与しています 衛星データによると グリーンランドと南極は 氷の融解によって 毎年何十億トンもの氷が失われています
科学分野:
- * 地球科学
- * 氷河学
- * 気候科学
背景:
- *正確な海面予測は,氷床の質量の変化を定量化し,気候の要因を理解することに依存しています.
- * 以前の推定値は,異なる方法論とデータ源により異なっていた.
研究 の 目的:
- * 2003年から2019年にかけてのグリーンランドと南極の氷床の質量変化の統一された見積もりを提供する.
- * これらの大規模な変化に影響を与える気候プロセスを特定する.
主な方法:
- * NASAの氷,雲,陸地標高衛星 (ICESat) とICESat-2衛星のレーザー高度測定データを活用した.
- * 統一された推定技術を用いて,地面と浮遊氷の質量の変化を分析した.
主要な成果:
- * グリーンランドの海岸 (地表の溶け方) と南極の氷棚 (海洋の溶け方) の氷の減少
- * 氷床内部の質量増加 (積雪) は,損失を部分的に相殺する.
- グリーンランドから年間200億トン,南極から年間1180億トン,海面上昇に14ミリメートルの貢献.
- * 西南極の氷棚は,地域の総量の30%以上を失いました.
結論:
- * 氷床の質量減少は加速しており 主に融解が原因です
- * 氷床の動態は複雑で 雪の蓄積とともに 表面と海の溶け方も関係しています
- * 海面上昇の予測を洗練するには,継続的な監視が不可欠です.
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