ナノ粒子表面におけるカチオン機能群の空間分布が,細菌の生存能力と膜相互作用に及ぼす影響
Yongqian Zhang1, Natalie V Hudson-Smith2, Seth D Frand3
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 14, 2020
まとめ
細菌の毒性を決定するのは 密度だけでなく 表面の電荷表現です ポリマーに結合した電荷を持つナノ粒子は,短いリガンドを持つものと異なり,空間分布の役割を強調します.
科学分野:
- ナノテクノロジー
- 材料科学
- 微生物学
背景:
- 陽性電荷のナノマテリアルはしばしば細胞毒性を示す.
- ナノ粒子生物学的相互作用に対する分子表面電荷分布の影響は十分に理解されていません.
- グラム陰性細菌膜は,ナノ粒子相互作用のための複雑なインターフェースを示します.
研究 の 目的:
- ナノ粒子の表面電荷の分子長さと形状が細菌膜との相互作用にどのように影響するか調査する.
- 異なるカチオン表面分子で機能化されたナノ粒子の細胞毒性を比較する.
- ナノ粒子による生物学的効果における空間的電荷分布の役割を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 5つの異なるカチオン分子 (4つの小さなリガンド,1つのポリマー) のダイヤモンドナノ粒子表面の体系的な機能化.
- 核磁共振 (NMR) とX線光電子スペクトロスコーピー (XPS) を使用したナノ粒子表面改変の特徴化.
- バクテリアの生存能力と膜損傷の評価は,バクテリアの成長ベースの生存能力 (GBV) アッセイと膜損傷アッセイを使用します.
- 伝送電子顕微鏡 (TEM) を使用したナノ粒子-細菌細胞相互作用の顕微鏡分析.
主要な成果:
- 短いカチオンのリガンドで機能したナノ粒子は 生物学的影響を最小限にしました
- ナノ粒子は,等価なカチオン群濃度で細胞活性を低下させ,重要な膜損傷を含む強い細胞毒性を誘発した.
- TEMイメージングは,ポリマー機能化されたNPによって誘発された有意な膜歪みと外側の膜膀のような特徴を明らかにし,短リガンドNPによる弱い膜結合と対照的に示した.
- 同様のゼータポテンシャルにもかかわらず,生物学的影響の差異が観察され,このメトリックの限界を示しています.
結論:
- ナノ粒子表面における分子電荷の空間的分布と表示は,細菌の細胞膜との相互作用の決定的要素である.
- ナノ粒子の設計,特に表面電荷の形状と配置は,生物学的な結果に大きく影響します.
- ゼータポテンシャルだけでは,カチオンナノ粒子の生物学的影響を予測するには不十分であり,分子レベルの性質は不可欠である.
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