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マウナ・ケア火山の下の二度の沸騰によって生じる深い長期の地震

Aaron G Wech¹, Weston A Thelen², Amanda M Thomas³

¹U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK, USA. awech@usgs.gov.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 16, 2020

まとめ

眠っている火山の下の深い長期地震 (DLP) は,噴火が迫っているという信号ではなく,マグマの冷却を示しているかもしれません. この研究はマウナケアの100万個以上の DLP とマグマ結晶化プロセスを関連付けています

科学分野:

火山学
地震学
地理学

背景:

深い長期地震 (DLP) は,しばしば静止している火山で観測される火山による地震現象である.
DLPは低周波の地震波で特徴づけられ地殻の奥深くから発生します
その正確な原因と火山活動との関係は,現在も研究対象となっている.

研究の目的:

マウナ・ケア火山の下にある独特で長寿の DLP の原因を調査するためです
マグマ結晶化プロセスとDLP生成の間の潜在的なリンクを探求する.
大規模なDLP活動が火山の動乱に及ぼす影響を再評価する.

主な方法:

マウナ・ケア火山の19年間の地震データ分析
DLPイベントの頻度と特性のマグマの行動の地質モデルとの相関.
地震観測の解釈に流体力学と石油学の原理を適用する.

主要な成果:

マウナ・ケアの下には100万個以上の DLP が確認されました
DLPの配列は,結晶化,停滞したマグマからの繰り返された揮発性放出に起因する.
この過程は"第2回沸騰"と呼ばれ,観察されたDLPの主な原動力として提案されています.

結論:

この研究は,マグマの結晶化と揮発性溶解と関連付けることで,DLP生成に関する新しい説明を提供します.
DLPの活動は通常,噴火前の状態ではなく,停滞し,冷却するマグマを示します.
これらの発見は,火山のモニタリングでDLPの地震性がどのように解釈されているかを再評価する必要があります.

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