ケトジェニックダイエットは腸内Th17細胞を減少させる腸内微生物群を変化させます
Qi Yan Ang1, Margaret Alexander1, John C Newman2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Cell
|May 22, 2020
まとめ
ケトジニックダイエット (KDs) は高脂肪ダイエットとは異なる方法で腸内微生物を変化させ,有益なビフィドバクテリアを減少させます. このKDによって変化した腸内微生物群は,腸内の炎症を誘発するTh17細胞を減少させることが示された.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 栄養学
- 免疫学
背景:
- ケトニックダイエット (KD) は,循環中のケトンボディを増やすことで代謝を大きく変化させます.
- これらの代謝変化が宿主と微生物の相互作用に与える影響は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- ケトゲンダイエットが腸内微生物の組成と機能に どう影響するか調べる
- 腸内細菌に対するケトン体の特異的な効果を決定する.
- 宿主の免疫に対するKD誘発の微生物群の変化の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- ヒトとマウスの腸内微生物群の比較分析
- 細菌,特にビフィドバクテリアの増殖に対するケトン体の効果を評価するためのインビトロおよびインビボ実験.
- KDに関連した微生物群の免疫調節効果を評価するために,ヒト微生物群移植した細菌のないマウスモデル.
主要な成果:
- ケトゲンダイエットはHFDと比較して腸内微生物群に明確な変化を誘発します.
- KDのヒトとマウスの両方で再現可能なビフィドバクテリアの減少が観察されました.
- ケトン体はビフィドバクテリアの増殖を選択的に抑制することが判明した.
- KDによって変化した腸内微生物群は,腸内炎症を誘発するTh17細胞を減少させた.
結論:
- ケトゲンダイエットは 腸内微生物群を 独特に形作り ビフィドバクテリアのような 細菌群に影響を与えます
- ケトン体は腸内微生物の組成を調節する直接的な役割を果たします
- KDによって誘発される腸内微生物群の変化は,特にTh17細胞媒介の炎症を減らすことによって宿主の免疫反応に影響を与えます.
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