訓練された免疫:SARS-CoV-2感染の感受性および重症性を減らすためのツール

Mihai G Netea¹, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis², Jorge Domínguez-Andrés³

¹Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University, 6500 Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Immunology and Metabolism, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.

Cell

|May 22, 2020

まとめ

ある種の生体ワクチンは生まれつきの免疫反応を刺激し訓練された免疫として知られるプロセスですこのアプローチは,SARS-CoV-2 感染症の感受性および重症性を減らすのに役立ちます.

科学分野:

免疫学
感染症
ワクチン学

背景:

SARS-CoV-2はほとんどの人に軽度な病気を引き起こしますが,一部の人には重度の肺炎を引き起こします.
高齢者および併発性疾患のある人は,重度のCOVID-19により敏感です.
これは先天的な抗ウイルス宿主の防御メカニズムに欠陥があることを示唆している.

研究の目的:

SARS-CoV-2の重症性を軽減するための訓練された免疫の可能性を調査する.
SARS-CoV-2に対する訓練された免疫を誘発できるかどうかを調査する.

主な方法:

訓練された免疫と生ワクチンに関する既存の文献のレビュー.
訓練された免疫の基礎となるメカニズム (表遺伝的,転写的,機能的再プログラム) の分析.
SARS-CoV-2の文脈で訓練された免疫の適用を仮説化する.

主要な成果:

BCG,口腔ポリオ,麻疹などの生きているワクチンは訓練された免疫を誘発します
訓練された免疫には生まれつきの免疫反応の長期的な強化が含まれます
この先天的な免疫細胞の再プログラムによって感染症に対する異質的な保護が提供されます

結論:

微生物全体のワクチンを介して訓練された免疫を誘導することは有望な戦略です.
このアプローチは,SARS-CoV-2感染の感受性と重症性を低下させる可能性がある.
COVID-19の予防と管理のための訓練された免疫に関するさらなる研究が必要である.

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