小児,青少年,若者における違法薬物使用を防止するためのプライマリケアベースの介入:米国予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明
, Alex H Krist1,2, Karina W Davidson3
1Fairfax Family Practice Residency, Fairfax, Virginia.
JAMA
|May 27, 2020
まとめ
小規模医療の介入が若者の違法薬物使用を効果的に防止するかどうかを判断するには,証拠は不十分です. これらの予防戦略の利点と害を評価するには,さらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 予防 医療
- 青少年 の 健康
背景:
- 違法薬物の使用は,健康,社会,経済に重大な影響を及ぼし,青少年と若者の間で一般的です.
- 麻薬 の 使い方 は,若者 の 死 の 主要 な 原因 に 寄与 し て い ます.その 中 に は 意図 的 な 傷害,自殺,殺人 など が 含ま れ て い ます.
- 違法薬物使用防止に関する以前の勧告は2014年に制定されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 違法薬物使用の防止のための介入に関する証拠をレビューすることによって2014年の勧告を更新する.
- 小児,青少年,若者に対する初等医療による介入の潜在的利益と害を評価する.
主な方法:
- 証拠の体系的なレビューは,米国の予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) によって委託されました.
- このレビューは,違法薬物使用の予防を目的としたプライマリケアベースの介入に焦点を当てた.
- 対象集団には子供,青少年,若者,妊婦が含まれていました.
主要な成果:
- プライマリケアベースの介入の利益と害に関する証拠は限られ,不十分である.
- USPSTFは,これらの予防戦略の利益と害のバランスを評価するのに十分な証拠が見つかりませんでした.
- このレビューでは,違法薬物および非医療処方薬の使用に関する行動カウンセリングの介入について具体的に述べています.
結論:
- USPSTFは,違法薬物使用防止のためのプライマリケア介入の利益と害を評価するには,証拠が不十分であると結論づけています.
- このテーマに関する勧告を 裏付けるにはさらなる研究が必要です
- 現在の勧告は,証拠が不十分であるため"I声明"として分類されています.
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