嗅覚の嗅ぎは,反応しない脳損傷患者の意識を信号します
Anat Arzi1,2,3, Liron Rozenkrantz4,5, Lior Gorodisky4,5
1Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. anat.arzi@gmail.com.
Nature
|May 29, 2020
まとめ
嗅覚の指標である嗅覚反応は 重度の脳損傷を持つ患者の意識を 正確に決定します このアクセシブルなツールは 回復と生存を予測し 重要な医学的決定を助けます
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 神経学
- 感覚システム
背景:
- 重度の脳損傷患者の 意識の診断は困難で 40%の誤差率があります
- 正確な診断は 治療や終末期の決定に不可欠です
- 嗅覚は興奮に欠かせない脳の構造で 意識のバイオマーカーとしての可能性を示唆しています
研究 の 目的:
- 脳損傷患者の意識の非言語的,非タスク依存のバイオマーカーとして嗅覚反応を調査する.
- 反応しない状態と意識の低い状態を区別するにおい依存の嗅ぎ方の有用性を評価する.
- 嗅覚機能と回復と生存を含む患者さんの長期的なアウトカムとの関連を調べる.
主な方法:
- 嗅覚反応を用いて 嗅覚機能を評価した
- 重度の脳損傷を有する患者の嗅覚反応を繰り返し測定した.
- 意識の確立された臨床状態と長期生存率との相関した嗅覚応答データ.
主要な成果:
- 嗅覚反応は,グループレベルでの無反応状態と最小意識状態の間に有意に差異がありました.
- 最初反応しなかった患者の嗅覚反応は 将来の意識回復を 確実に予測しました
- 嗅覚反応は脳損傷患者の長期生存率と有意な関連性を示した.
結論:
- 嗅覚反応は重度の脳損傷で 意識を評価するための 敏感でアクセス可能なバイオマーカーとして機能します
- 嗅覚機能は興奮と意識と密接に関連しており 脳機能におけるその重要性を強調しています
- この方法は患者の回復を監視し,臨床管理に情報を提供するための貴重なツールです.
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