モアの法則の後に コンピュータのパフォーマンスを 動かすものは何でしょう?
Charles E Leiserson1, Neil C Thompson2,3, Joel S Emer1,4
1Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
まとめ
ムーアの法則が終わると コンピュータの性能は ソフトウェアとハードウェアのイノベーションに 移行します 大きなシステムコンポーネントを含むコンピューティングスタックの"トップ"を最適化することは,将来のパフォーマンスの鍵です.
科学分野:
- コンピュータ科学
- 電気工学
- 材料科学
背景:
- 半導体トランジスタの小型化は 50年以上に渡って コンピュータの性能を向上させてきました
- ミニチュア化の物理的限界に近づくことは ムーアの法則の終わりを意味します
- 将来の性能向上は,従来の半導体スケーリングを超えたシフトを必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- モアの法則時代以降のコンピュータの性能向上のための新しい道を特定し,特徴づける.
- 性能の向上のためにソフトウェア,アルゴリズム,ハードウェアの革新 ("トップ"のコンピューティングスタック) の可能性を探索する.
- 将来の性能改善を実現する上で,大きなシステムコンポーネントの役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- コンピューティング技術のトレンドの概念分析.
- コンピューティングスタックの"底" (半導体物理,製造) と"頂" (ソフトウェア,アルゴリズム,ハードウェア) の間の区別.
- "トップ"技術による性能向上の特徴の評価
主要な成果:
- モア時代以降の性能の向上は,コンピューティングスタックの"トップ"と呼ばれるソフトウェア,アルゴリズム,ハードウェアにますます依存するでしょう.
- これらの"トップ"の利益は,機会主義的で不均等で,利回りが低下すると予想されます.
- 大規模なシステムコンポーネントは",トップ"レイヤの最適化に関連する課題に取り組むための実行可能なコンテキストを提供します.
結論:
- ムーアの法則の終わりは,持続的なパフォーマンスの成長のためにコンピューティングスタックの"トップ"に戦略的に焦点を当てることを必要とします.
- ソフトウェア,アルゴリズム,ハードウェアの革新,特に大きなシステムコンポーネントの活用は,将来のコンピューティングの進歩にとって不可欠です.
- "トップ"の成果が散発的で減少する性質を理解することは,効果的な研究開発に不可欠です.
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