ペイヤーのパッチ生殖センターにおけるBCRの選択と親和性の成熟
Huan Chen1,2,3, Yuxiang Zhang1,2,3, Adam Yongxin Ye1,2,3
1Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|June 6, 2020
まとめ
腸内微生物群はマウスペイヤーパッチのB細胞受容体レパートリーに影響を与え,細菌のグリカンに反応する特定の抗体クローンタイプを選択します. この研究は,持続的な腸の抗原が 慢性的な生殖中心の反応と抗体の親和性成熟を 駆動する方法を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 微生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- B細胞受容体 (BCR) と抗体は免疫反応に不可欠であり,その多様性はV(D) J再結合によって生成されます.
- ゲルミナルセンター (GC) はB細胞の成熟の場所ですが,ペイヤー・パッチ (PP) の慢性GCとそのBCRレパートリーはまだよくわかっていません.
- 腸内微生物群は,PPの発達を含む腸内免疫に重大な影響を及ぼします.
研究 の 目的:
- マウスPPGCにおける生理学的BCRレパートリーと体的ハイパーミューテーションパターンの解明.
- PPs内のBCRレパートリーを形成する腸内微生物群の役割を調査する.
- 慢性 PP GC の選択メカニズムと親和性成熟プロセスを理解する.
主な方法:
- マウス PP GCにおけるV(D) Jセグメント使用と体内のハイパーミューテーションプロフィールを分析するための高通量シーケンシング.
- 特定の腸内微生物群を持つマウスのBCRレパートリーの比較分析
- 特定の病原体のないマウスから細菌のないマウスへの糞便の微生物移転実験
主要な成果:
- マウスのPPGCは,公的なBCRのクローン型をカノン的なCDR3で拡張し,V(D) J再結合のジャンクションバイアスのために頻繁に観察される.
- 公共のクローンタイプは微生物群に依存し,細菌のグリカンに反応する抗体をコードし,他は独立している.
- 糞便の移転により 細菌に依存するクローン型が回復し 腸内微生物群によるBCRの選択が直接関与しました 繰り返し発生する体内の多変異は,PP GCにおける親和性の成熟を示している.
結論:
- 持続的な腸内抗原は再発したBCRのクローンタイプを選択し,慢性的なPPGC応答を発生させます.
- 腸内微生物群は,ペイヤーパッチのBCRレパートリーと免疫反応の形成に重要な役割を果たします.
- アフィニティ成熟は,抗原選択によって誘発される,マウスPPGCで,ホメオスタティックな条件下で発生する.
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